464 SMILACE^:. (SMILAX FAMILY.) 



1. T. Sessile, L. Leaves also sessile, ovate or rhomboidal, acute, often 

 blotched or spotted ; sessile petals erect-spreading (dark and dull purple, varying 

 to greenish). Moist woods, Penn. to Wisconsin, and southward. April,. 

 May. Stem 4' - 12' high. 



2. T. reciirvatum, Beck. Leaves contracted at the base into a petiole, 

 ovate, oblong, or obovate ; sepals reflexed, petals pointed at both ends, unguiculate > 

 dark purple. Wisconsin, Illinois, Kentucky, and southward. April. 



2. Flower raised on a peduncle : petals withering away soon after blossoming* 

 * Short peduncle recurved under the leaves : rootstocks clustered, bearing 2-3 stems. 



3. T. eernuuni, L. (NODDING TRILLIUM or WAKE-ROBIN.) Leaves 

 broadly rhomboid, pointed, nearly sessile ; petals white, oblong-ovate, pointed, re- 

 curved, wavy, rather longer than the sepals. Moist woods, N. England to Vir- 

 ginia, Kentucky, and southward ; common eastward. May. Petals f ' - 1 ' long. 



* # Peduncle erect or at lenqth nodding : rootstocks bearing a single stem. 

 *- Leaves sessile, abruptly taper-pointed. 



4. T. erctlim, L. (PURPLE TRILLIUM. BIRTHROOT.) Leaves dilat- 

 ed-rhomboidal, nearly as broad as long, very abruptly pointed ; petals ovate, acutish, 

 dark dull purple, spreading, little longer than the sepals (I'-lj^ long). (T. 

 rhomboideum, var. atropurpureum, Michx.) Rich woods ; common northward > 

 especially westward, and along the Alleghanies. May. Peduncle l'-3' long,, 

 at length inclined. 



Var. album, Pursh. Petals greenish-white, or rarely yellowish; ovary 

 mostly dull-purple. (T. pendulum, Ait., &c.) With the purple-flowered form, 

 especially from New York westward. 



5. T. grandifldrum, Salisb. (LARGE WHITE TRILLIUM.) Leaves 

 rhomboid-obovate, longer than broad, more taper-pointed, barely sessile ; petals obo- 

 vate, spreading from an erect base, longer and much broader than the sepals 

 (2' -2^' long), white, changing with age to rose-color. Rich woods, Vermont to 

 Wisconsin and Kentucky, and northward. June. Flower on a peduncle 2'- 

 3' long, very handsome. 



H H Leaves petioled, rounded at the base. 



6. T. iiivale, Riddell. (DWARF WHITE TRILLIUM.) Small (2'-3' 

 high) ; leaves oval or ovate, obtuse : petals oval-lanceolate, obtuse, rather wavy, white, 

 as long as the peduncle, longer than the sepals. Rich woods, Ohio to Wiscon- 

 sin. April. Leaves l'-2', and petals 1', long. Styles long and thread-like. 



7. T. erythrocarpum, Michx. (PAINTED TRILLIUM.) Leaves ovate, 

 taper-pointed ; petals ovate or oval-lanceolate, pointed, wavy, widely spreading, white 

 painted with purple, stripes at the base, almost twice the length of the sepals, shorter 

 than the peduncle. (T. pictum, Pursh.) Cold damp woods and bogs, New- 

 England to Lake Superior and northward, and southward in the higher Alle- 

 ghanies through Virginia. May, June. 



3. MEDEOL-A, Gronov. INDIAN CUCUMBER-ROOT. 



Flowers perfect. Perianth revolute, of 3 sepals and 3 petals which are oblong 

 and alike (pale greenish-yellow), deciduous. Stamens 6 : filaments thread-lik^ 



