LILIACE.E. (LILT FAMILY.) 469 



8. SCILLA, L. SQUILL. 



Perianth of 6 colored (blue or purple) spreading sepals, mostly deciduous ; 

 the 6 awl-shaped filaments at their base. Style thread-like. Pod 3-angled, 3- 

 valved, with several black roundish seeds in each cell. Scape and linear leaves 

 from a coated bulb : the flowers in a simple raceme, mostly bracted. (The 

 ancient name.) 



1. S. Fraseri. (EASTERN QUAMASH. WILD HYACINTH.) Leaves 

 long and linear, keeled ; raceme elongated ; ,bracts solitary, longer than the 

 pedicels ; stigma minutely 3-cleft ; pod triangular, the cells several-seeded. 

 (Phalangium esculentum, Nutt. in part. Scilla esculenta, Ker. Camassia 

 Fraseri, Torr. mss.) Moist prairies and river-banks, Ohio to Wisconsin and 

 southwestward. May. Bulb onion-like, eaten by the Indians. Scape 1 high. 

 Sepals widely spreading, pale blue, 3-nerved, ^' long. (I do not discern suffi- 

 cient characters for the genus Camassia.) 



9. AL.L.IUM, L. ONION. GARLIC. 



Perianth of 6 entirely colored sepals, which are distinct, or united at the very 

 base, 1 -nerved, often becoming dry and scarious and more or less persistent: 

 the 6 filaments awl-shaped or dilated at their base. Style persistent, thread- 

 like : stigma simple. Pod lobed, 3-valved, with 1 or few ovoid-kidney-shaped 

 amphitropous or campylotropous black seeds in each cell. Strong-scented and 

 pungent stemless herbs ; the leaves and scape from a coated bulb : flowers in a 

 simple umbel, some of them frequently changed to bulblets ; spathe 1 - 2-valved. 

 (The ancient Latin name of the Garlic.) 



# Ovules and seeds only one in each cell : leaves broad and flat, appealing in early 



spring, and dying before ihefloioers are developed. 



1. A. tricoccum, Ait. (WiLD LEEK.) Scape naked (9' high), bear- 

 ing an erect many-flowered umbel; leaves lance-oblong (5' -9' long, l'-2' 

 wide) ; scapes 1 high from clustered pointed bulbs (2' long) ; sepals oblong 

 (white), equalling the simple filaments; pod strongly 3-lobed. Rich cool 

 woods, W. New England to Wisconsin, Kentucky, and southward in the Alle- 

 ghanies. July. 



* * Ovules and seeds mostly 2 in each cell : ovary crested with 6 teeth at the summit : 



leaves long and narrow. 

 *- Umbel bearing only flowers and ripening pods. 



2. A. cernuimi, Roth. (WiLD ONION.) Scape naked, angular (1 - 2 

 high), often nodding at the apex, bearing a loose or drooping many-flowered umbel; 

 leaves linear, sharply keeled (1 long); sepals oblong-ovate, acute (rose-color), 

 shorter than the simple slender filaments. Steep banks, W. New York to Wis- 

 consin and southward. Aug. 



3. A. StellatUKIl, Nutt. Scape terete, slender, bearing an erect umbel; 

 leaves flat ; sepals equalling the stamens : otherwise resembling the last, but usu- 

 ally not so tall ; the pod more crested. Rocky slopes, Illinois (Enydmannt 

 and northwestward, 



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