488 ERIOCAULONACE2E. (PIPEWORT FAMILY.) 



-7 long) ; lateral sepals obscurely lacerate-fringed above on the winged Iced, rathe* 

 shorter than the bract. (X. Jupacai, partly, Michx. X. anceps, Muhl.) Sandy 

 swamps, &c., Rhode Island to Virginia and southward, near the coast. Aug. 

 Scape l-2 high : leaves l"-4" wide. Petals pretty large, the claws turn- 

 ing brownish. 



3. X. Jinibrijita, Ell. Scape somewhat angled (2 high), rather longer 

 than the linear-sword-shaped leaves ; head oblong (' long) ; lateral sepals lance- 

 olate-linear, nearly twice the length of the bract, above conspicuously fringed on the 

 wing-margined keel, and even plumose at the summit, Pine barrens of New Jersey, 

 Virginia, and southward. 



ORDER 132. ERIOCAULONACE^E. (PIPEWORT FAMILY.) 



- Aquatic or marsh herbs, stemless or short-stemmed, with a tuft of fibrous 

 roots, and a cluster of linear often loosely cellular grass-like leaves, and naked 

 scapes sheathed at the base, bearing dense heads of monoecious or rarely dioz- 

 cious small 2 - 3-merous flowers, each in the axil of a scarious bract ; the 

 perianth double or rarely simple, chaffy ; anthers introrse ; the fruit a 2 - 3- 

 celled 2 - 3-seeded pod : the ovules, seeds, embryo, &c. as in the preceding 

 order. Chiefly tropical plants, a few in northern temperate regions. 



Synopsis. 



1. ERIOCAULON. Perianth double, the inner (corolla) tubular-funnel-form in the staminate 



flowers ; the stamens twice as many as its lobes (4 or 6). Anthers 2-celled. 



2. P^IPALANTHUS. Perianth as in the last : the stamens only as many as the lobes of the 



inner series, or corolla (3). Anthers 2-celled. 



8. LACHNOCAULON. Perianth simple, of 3 sepals. Stamens 3, monadelphous below. An- 

 thers 1-celled. 



1. ERIOCAlir,ON, L. PIPEWORT. 



Flowers mono3cious and androgynous, i. e. both kinds in the same head, eithei 

 intermixed, or the central ones sterile and the exterior fertile, rarely dioscious. 

 Ster. Fl. Calyx of 2 or 3 keeled or boat-shaped sepals, usually spatulate or 

 dilated upwards. Corolla tubular, 2 - 3-lobed, each of the lobes bearing a black 

 gland or spot. Stamens twice as many as the lobes of the corolla, one inserted 

 at the base of each lobe and one in each sinus ; anthers 2-celled. Pistils rudi- 

 mentary. Pert. FL Calyx as in the sterile flowers, often remote from the rest 

 of the flower (therefore perhaps to be viewed as a pair of bractlets). Corolla of 

 2 or 3 separate narrow petals. Stamens none. Ovary often stalked, 2-3- 

 lobed, 2 - 3-celled, with a single ovule in each cell : style 1 : stigmas 2 or 3, 

 slender. Pod membranaceous, loculicidal. Leaves mostly smooth, loosely 

 cellular and pellucid. Scapes or peduncles terminated by a single head, which is 

 involucrate by some outer empty bracts. Flowers, also the tips of the bracts, 

 &c., usually bearded or woolly. (Name compounded of epiov, wool, and KauAoy, 

 a stalk, from the wool at the base of the scape and leaves of the original species. 

 Excepting this and the flowers, our species are wholly glabrous.) The, North 



