CYPERACE^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 519 



with a short entire point, much shorter than the lona-awned greenish scale ; culm 

 (1 high) and the broad flat leaves smooth. (C. palcacea, Wahl.) Coast of 

 Massachusetts and northward ; rare. (Eu.) 



51. C. ci'iiiifa, Lam. Sterile spikes 1-2, often idth fertile flowers various- 

 ly intermixed ; the fertile 3-5, long-cylindrical (2' -3' long), densely flowered, on 

 exserted nodding stalks ; bracts very long, exceeding the culm ; pcrigynia roundish- 

 obovate, slightly inflated, obscurely nerved, with a short entire point, shorter than 

 the oblong roughly -awned light-brown scale; culm (2 -4 high) rough and sharply 

 angled, leafy below ; the pale leaves 3" - 4" wide, also rough-edged. Varies, 

 with the awns of the scales very long and the fruit imperfect (var. M6RBIDA, 

 Carey in Sill. Jour. & C. paleacea, Amer. auth., not of Wahl.) ; and with awns 

 not much longer than the scales (C. gynandra, Schw.). Wet meadows and 

 borders of rills ; very common. A variable but easily recognized species. 



*- - Stigmas 3 : perigynium obtusely triangular, indistinctly few-nerved, more 

 or le n s compressed : pistillate spikes borne on exserted flliform drooping stalks. 

 LIM&S.E. 



52. C. flacca, Schreb. Sterile spikes 1 - 2 ; the fertile about 3, cylindrical, 

 on exserted drooping stalks, commonly staminate at the top; lower bract usually 

 shorter than the culm ; sheaths obsolete or minute ; perigynia roundish-ovoid, 

 notched at the point, smooth or slightly roughened on the angles, about the length of 

 the obtuse or pointed black scale; culm sharply triangular, rough, taller than the 

 glaucous rigid leaves. (C. glauca, Scop. C. recurva, Huds. C. Barrattii, 

 Schw. $ Torr.) Marshes of New Jersey, near the coast, Collins, Knieskern. 

 A widely variable species. (Eu.) 



53. C. limosa, L. Staminate spike solitary; the fertile 1-2, oblong, 10- 

 2Q-flowered, occasionally with staminate flowers at the apex ; bracts very narrow, 

 the lowest shorter than the culm ; perigynia ovate, with a minute entire point, about 

 equal to the ovate mucronate scale. Peat-bogs, New England to Pennsylvania, 

 Wisconsin, and northward. Culm 6' -12' high, erect, longer than the sharp 

 and rigid leaves. (Eu.) 



54. C. irriglia, Smith. Staminate spike solitary; the fertile 2-4, ovoid 

 or oblong, occasionally staminate at the apex, or rarely with a few sterile flowers 

 at the base ; lowest bract as wide as the leaves, longer than the culm ; perigynia 

 roundish-ovate, with an entire orifice, much shorter than the tapering pointed scale. 

 (C. limosa, var. irrigua, Wahl. C. paupercula, Michx.) Peat-bogs, New Eng- 

 land to Penn., Wisconsin, and northward. Taller than the last, growing in 

 clumps, with weaker nodding stems, often exceeded by the leaves. (Eu.) 



# * Uppermost spike club-shaped, pistillate above and staminate at the base ; the rest 

 all fertile, or with a few sterile flowers below : lowest bract leaf-like, scarcely 

 equalling the culm, with minute light-brown auricles and no sheaths : culm 

 and leaves of a pale glaucous-green. ATR\TJE.* 



55. C. Buxbafmiii, Wahl. Spikes 3-4, obovoid or oblong, the uppermost 

 short-stalked (rarely altogether staminate), the others nearly sessile, the lowest some- 



* C. VAHLII, Schk , of this group, occurs on the north shore of Lake Superior and on Into 

 Royale, but has not yet been met with on the United States side. 



