MAGNOLIACE^. (MAGNOLIA FAMILY.) 49 



1. MAGNOLIA, L. MAGNOLIA. 



Sepals 3. Petals 6-9. Stamens imbricated, with very short filaments, and 

 long anthers opening inwards. Pistils aggregated on the long receptacle and 

 coherent in a mass, together forming a fleshy and rather woody cone-like red 

 fruit ; each carpel at maturity opening on the back, from which the 1 or 2 

 berry-like seeds hang by an extensile thread composed of unrolled spiral ves- 

 sels. Inner seed-coat bony. Buds conical, the coverings formed of the suc- 

 cessive pairs of stipules, each pair enveloping the leaf next above, which is 

 folded lengthwise, and applied straight against the side of the next stipular 

 sheath, and so on. (Named after Magnol, Professor of Botany at Montpellier 

 in the 17th century.) 



* Leaves all scattered along the branches : leaf-buds silky. 



1. M. glatica, L. (SMALL or LAUREL MAGNOLIA. SWEET BAT.) 

 Leaves oblong or oval, obtuse, white beneath; flower globular, white, 2' long, very 

 fragrant ; petals broad ; cone of fruit small, oblong. Swamps, from near 

 Cape Ann and New York southward, near the coast ; in Pennsylvania as far 

 west as Cumberland Co. June - Aug. Shrub 4 - 20 high, with thickish 

 leaves, which farther south are evergreen, and sometimes oblong-lanceolate. 



2. M. acuminata, L. (CUCUMBER-TREE.) Leaves oblong, pointed, green 

 and a ' little pubescent beneath ; flower oblong bell-shaped, glaucous-green tinged 

 with yellow, 2' long ; cone of fruit small, cylindrical. Rich woods, W. New 

 York to Ohio and southward. May, June. Tree 60 - 90 feet high. Leaves 

 thin, 5'- 10' long. Fruit 2' -3' long, when young slightly resembling a small 

 cucumber, whence the common name. 



3. M. macroph^lla, Michx. (GREAT-LEAVED MAGNOLIA.) Leaves 

 obovate-obhng, cordate at the narrowed base, pubescent and white beneath ; flower 

 open bell-shaped, white, with a purple spot at the base, petals ovate, 6' long ; cone of 

 fruit ovoid. Rockcastle and Kentucky Rivers, S. E. Kentucky and south- 

 ward. Occasionally planted farther north. May, June. Tree 20 - 40 a high. 

 Leaves 2|- 3 long. 



* * Leaves crowded on the summit of the flowering branches in an umbrella-like 

 circle : leaf-buds glabrous : flowers white, slightly scented. 



4. M. Umbrella, Lam. (UMBRELLA-TREE.^) Leaves obovate-lanceolate, 

 pointed at both ends, soon glabrous, petals obovate-oblong, 4' -5' long. (M. 

 tripetala, L.) York and Lancaster counties, Penn. (Prof. Porter], to Vir- 

 ginia and Kentucky along the Alleghanies. May. A small tree. Leaves 

 1 - 3 long. Fruit rose-color, 4'- 5' long, ovoid-oblong. 



5. M. Fraseri, Walt. (EAR-LEAVED UMBRELLA-TREE.) Leaves oblong- 

 obovate or spatulate, auriculate at the base, glabrous ; petals, obovate-spatulate, 

 with narrow claws, 4' long. (M. auriculata, Lam.) Virginia and Kentucky 

 along the Alleghanies, and southward. April, May. Tree 30 - 50 high. 

 Leaves 8' - 12' long. Flower more graceful and cone of fruit smaller than in 

 the preceding. 



M. CORDATA, Michx., the YELLOW CUCUMBER-TREE, of Georgia, and the 

 M. GRANDIFL6RA, L., the GREAT LAUREL MAGNOLIA, of the Southern 

 States (a noble tree, remarkable for its deliciously fragrant great flowers, and 

 4 



