58 PAPAVERACE^:. (POPPY FAMILY.) 



1. S. purptirea, L. (SIDE-SADDLE FLOWER. PITCHER-PLANT. HUNTS- 

 MAN'S CUP.) Leaves pitcher-shaped, ascending, curved, broadly winged; the 

 hood erect, open, round heart-shaped ; flower deep purple; the fiddle-shaped 

 petals arched over the (greenish-yellow) style. Varies rarely with greenish- 

 yellow flowers, and without purple veins in the foliage. (S. heterophylla, 

 Eaton.) Peat-bogs ; common from N. England to Minnesota, N. Illinois, and 

 southward east of the Alleghanies. June. The curious leaves are usually 

 half filled with water and drowned insects : the inner face of the hood is clothed 

 with stiff bristles pointing downward. Flower globose, nodding on a scape a 

 foot high : it is difficult to fancy any resemblance between its shape and a side- 

 saddle, but it is not very unlike a pillion. 



2. S. fl&va, L. (TRUMPETS.) Leaves long (l-3) and trumpet-shaped, 

 erect, with an open mouth, the erect hood*rounded, narrow at the base ; wing 

 almost none ; flower yellow, the petals becoming long and drooping. Bogs, 

 Virginia and southward. April. 



ORDER 8. PAPAVERACE^E. (POPPY FAMILY.) 



Herbs with milky or colored juice, regular flowers with the parts in twos 

 or fours, fugacious sepals, polyandrous, hypogynous, the ovary 1-celled with 

 2 or more parietal placentce. Sepals 2, rarely 3, falling when the flower 

 expands. Petals 4-12, spreading, imbricated and often crumpled in the 

 bud, early deciduous. Stamens rarely as few as 16, distinct. Fruit a 

 dry 1-celled pod (in the Poppy imperfectly many-celled, in Glaucium 2- 

 celled). Seeds numerous, anatropous, often crested, with a minute embryo 

 at the base of fleshy and oily albumen. Leaves alternate, without stip- 

 ules. .Peduncles mostly 1-flowered, Juice narcotic or acrid. 



* Ovary incompletely several -celled by the projecting placentae. 



1. Papaver. Stigmas united into a radiate crown on the summit of the ovary. Pod 



opening by chinks or pores. Petals crumpled in the nodding flower-bud. 



* * Ovary strictly 1-celled. Pod opening by valves, leaving the 2-6 filiform parietal placentae 



as a framework. 

 - Petals twice as many as the sepals, usually more or less crumpled in the flower-bud. 



2. Argemone. Stigmas (sessile) and placentae 4-6. Pod and leaves prickly. 



3. Stylophorum. Stigmas and placentae 3 - 4. Style distinct. Pod bristly. 



4. Chelidonium. Stigmas and placentae 2. Pod linear, smooth. 



*- - Petals 4-6 times as many as the 2 sepals, not crumpled in the erect flower-bud. 



5. Saiiguiiiaria. Stigma 2-grooved. Placentae 2. Petals white. 



* * * Ovary and elongated pod 2-celled by a spongy partition. 



6. Glaucium. Stigma 2-lobed or 2-horned. Petals 4. 



1. PAPAVER, L. POPPY. 



Sepals mostly 2. Petals mostly 4. Stigmas united in a flat 4 - 20-rayed 

 crown, resting on the summit of the ovary and capsule ; the latter short and 

 turgid, with 4-20 many-seeded placenta? projecting like imperfect partitions, 

 opening by as many pores or chinks under the edge of the stigma. Herbs 



