152 ROSACES. (ROSE FAMILY.) 



1 . GEUM proper. Styles jointed and bent near the middle ; the lower portion 

 persistent, naked, hooked at the end after the deflexed and mostly somewhat hairy 

 upper joint falls away: head of fruit sessile in the calyx: calyx-lobes reflexed. 

 (Flowers somewhat panicled at the summit of a leafy stem: achenia in our 

 species glabrous or nearly so below, more or less bristly at the top or along the base 

 of the style.) 

 * Petals white or pale greenish-yellow, small, spatulate or oblong : stipules small. 



1. G. album, Gmelin. Smoothish or so/lly pubescent ; stem slender (2 high) ; 

 root-leaves of 3-5 leaflets, or simple and rounded, with a few minute leaflets on 

 the petiole below ; those of the stem 3-divided or lobed, or only toothed ; petals 

 about the length of the calyx ; receptacle of the fruit densely bristly-hirsute. Bor- 

 ders of woods, &c. : common. May - Aug. Too near the European G. urba- 

 num ; probably a white or whitish-flowered form of it. 



2. G. Virgininum, L. Bristly-hairy, especially the stout stem ; lower and 

 root-leaves pinnate, very various, the upper mostly 3-parted or divided, incised ; 

 petals inconspicuous, shorter than the calyx ; receptacle of the fruit glabrous or 

 nearly so. Borders of woods and low grounds: common. June - Aug. ~ 

 Heads of fruit larger than in the preceding, on stouter hirsute peduncles. 



* # Petals golden-yellow, conspicuous, broadly obovate, exceeding the calyx: stipules 

 larger and all deeply cut. 



3. G. macroph^llum, Willd. Bristly-hairy, stout (1- 3 high); root- 

 leaves lyrately and interruptedly pinnate, with the terminal leaflet very large and 

 round-heart-shaped; lateral leaflets of the stem-leaves 2-4, minute, the terminal 

 roundish, 3-cleft, the lobes wedge-form and rounded; receptacle of the fruit nearly 

 naked. Around the base of the White Mountains, New Hampshire, also North- 

 ern Michigan, Illinois, and northwestward. June. (Eu.) 



4. G. Strictum, Ait. Somewhat hairy (3 -5 high); root-leaves inter- 

 ruptedly pinnate, the leaflets wedge-obovate ; leaflets of the stem-leaves 3 - 5, rhom- 

 bic-ovate or oblong, acute ; receptacle of fruit downy. Moist meadows : common, 

 especially northward. July, Aug. (Eu.) 



3. STYLIPUS, Raf. Styles smooth: head of fruit conspicuously stalked in the 

 calyx: bractlets of the calyx none: otherwise nearly as 1. 



5. G. v6rnum, Torr. & Gr. Somewhat pubescent ; stems ascending, few- 

 leaved, slender ; root-leaves roundish-heart-shaped, 3 - 5-lobed, or some of them 

 pinnate, with the lobes cut ; petals yellow, about the length of the calyx ; recep- 

 tacle smooth. (Stylipus vernus, Raf.) Thickets, Ohio to Illinois and Ken- 

 tucky. April - June. 



3. CARYOPHYLlATA, Tourn. Style jointed and bent in the middle, the up- 

 per joint plumose: flowers large: calyx erect or spreading: petals erect. 



6. G. rivale, L. (WATER, or PURPLE AVENS.) Stems nearly simple, 

 several-flowered (2 high) ; root-leaves lyrate and interruptedly pinnate ; those 

 of the stem few, 3-foliolate or 3-lobed ; petals dilated-obovate, retuse, contracted 

 into a claw, purplish-orange ; head of fruit stalked in the calyx. Bogs and wet 

 meadows, New England to Penn., Wisconsin, and northward. May. Blos- 

 soms nodding, but the feathery fruiting heads upright. Calyx brown-purple. 

 (Eu.) 



