EOSACE^E. (ROSE FAMILY.) 155 



underneath ; flowers cymose-clustered ; petals yellowish or whitish ; disk thick and 

 glandular. Rocky hills : common northward and westward. July. 



* * Achenia (at least below) and the convex receptacle villous. 



8. P. Anserina, L. (SILVER- WEED.) Herbaceous, creeping with slender 

 runners; leaves all radical, pinnate; leaflets 9- 19, with minute pairs interposed, 

 oblong, pinnatifid-serrate, mostly green and nearly smooth above, silvery-white 

 with silky down underneath; stipules many-cleft; flowers solitary (yellow), on long 

 scape-like peduncles. Brackish marshes, river-banks, &c., New England to 

 Penn., Wisconsin, and northward. June -Sept. (Eu.) 



9. P. fruticbsa, L. (SHRUBBY CINQUE-FOIL.) Stem erect, shrubby (2 - 

 4 high), very much branched; leaves pinnate; leaflets 5-7, closely crowded, 

 oblong-lanceolate, entire, silky, especially beneath; stipules scale-like ; flowers 

 numerous (yellow), terminating the branchlets. Wet grounds: common north- 

 wards. June- Sept. (Eu.) 



10. P. tridentata, Ait. (THREE-TOOTHED C.) Stenofelow (4'- 6' high), 

 rather woody at the base, tufted, ascending, cymosely several-flowered ; leaves 

 palmate ; leaflets 3, wedge-oblong, nearly smooth, thick, coarsely 3-toothed at the 

 apex ; petals white; achenia and receptacle very hairy. Coast of New England, 

 from Cape Cod, and mountain-tops from the Alleghanies, northward : also 

 shores of the upper Great Lakes. June. 



3. /Styles moderately lateral: petals (shorter than the calyx, ovate-lanceolate) and 

 JUaments more or less persistent : disk thick and hairy : achenia glabrous : recep- 

 tacle hairy, convex, at length large and spongy. (Comarum, L.) 



11. P. palustris, Scop. (MARSH FIVE-FINGER.) Stems ascending 

 from a creeping perennial base (l-2 high) ; leaves pinnate, of 5 - 7 lanceolate 

 or oblong crowded serrate leaflets, whitish beneath ; flowers somewhat cymose ; 

 calyx (!' broad) dark purple inside ; petals purple. (Comarum palustre, L.) 

 Cool bogs, New England to Penn., Illinois, and northward. June - Aug. (Eu.) 



12. FRAGARIA, Tourn. STRAWBERRY. 



Flowers nearly as in Potentilla. Styles deeply lateral. Receptacle in fruit 

 much enlarged and conical, becoming pulpy and scarlet, bearing the minute dry 

 achenia scattered over its surface. Stemless perennials, with runners, and with 

 white cymose flowers on scapes. Leaves radical : leaflets 3, obovate-wedge-form, 

 coarsely serrate. Stipules cohering with the base of the petioles, which with the 

 scapes are usually hairy. (Name from the fragrance of the fruit.) Flowering 

 in spring. (The species are indiscriminately called WILD STRAWBERRY.) 



1. P. Virginiana, Ehrhart. Achenia imbedded in the deeply pitted fruiting 

 receptacle, which usually has a narrow neck ; calyx becoming erect after flower- 

 ing and connivent over the hairy receptacle when sterile or unfructified ; kajlets 

 of a flrm or coriaceous texture. (F. Canadensis, Michx.) Moist or rich wood- 

 lands, fields, &c. In the true F. Virginiana, the hairs of the scapes, and es- 

 pecially of the pedicels, are silky and oppressed. It is the original of the Vir- 

 ginian Scarlet strawberries. 



Var. Illino6nsis (F. Grayana, Vilmorin, F. Illinoensis & F. lowensis, 



