ROSACES. (ROSE FAMILY.) 157 



3. R. Chamsemdrus, L. (CLOUD-BERRY.) Herbaceous, low, dioecious; 

 stem simple, 2-3-leaveJ, l-flowered ; leaves roundish-kidney-form, somewhat 5- 

 lobed, serrate, wrinkled ; calyx-lobes pointless ; petals obovate, white ; fniit of 

 few grains, amber-color. White Mountains of New Hampshire at the limit of 

 trees : also on the coast at Lubeck, Maine, and northward. (Eu.) 



# # Leajlets (pinnately) 3 5 : petals small, erect, white. 

 - Stems annual, herbaceous, not prickly : fruit of few separate grains. 



4. R. triflbrus, Richardson. (DWARF RASPBERRY.) Stems ascending 

 (6' -12' high) or trailing; leaflets 3 (or pedately 5), rhombic-ovate or ovate- 

 lanceolate, acute at both ends, coarsely doubly serrate, thin, smooth ; peduncle 

 1 - 3-flowered. Wooded hillsides, New England to Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, 

 and northward. June. Sepals and petals often 6 or 7. 



<- < Stems biennial and woody, prickly : receptacle oblong : fruit hemispherical. 



5. R. strigbsus, Michx. (WILD RED RASPBERRY.) Stems upright, and 

 with the stalks, &c. beset with, stiff" straight bristles (or a few becoming weak 

 hooked prickles), glandular when young, somewhat glaucous; leaflets 3-5, 

 oblong-ovate, pointed, cut-serrate, whitish-downy underneath; the lateral ones 

 sessile ; petals as long as the sepals ; fruit light red. Thickets and hills : com- 

 mon everywhere, especially northward. June, July. Fruit ripening all sum- 

 mer, more tender than that of the Garden or European Raspberry (R. IDJEUS), 

 which it too closely resembles. 



6. R. OCCidentalis, L. (BLACK RASPBERRY. THIMBLEBERRY.) 

 Glaucous all over ; stems recurved, armed like the stalks, &c., with hooked prickles, 

 not bristly; leaflets 3 (rarely 5), ovate, pointed, coarsely doubly serrate, whitened- 

 downy underneath ; the lateral ones somewhat stalked ; petals shorter than the 

 sepals ; fruit purple-black (rarely a whitish variety), ripe early in July. Very- 

 common northward, especially where ground has been burned over. 



2. BLACKBERRY. Fruit, or collective drupes, not separating from the juicy 

 prolonged receptacle, mostly ovate or oblong, blackish. 



1. R. vil!6sus, Ait. (COMMON or HIGH BLACKBERRY.) Shrubby (1- 

 6 high), furrowed, upright or reclining, armed with stout curved prickles; branch- 

 lets, stalks, and lower surface of the leaves hairy and glandular ; leaflets 3 (or 

 pedately 5), ovate, pointed, unequally serrate; the terminal ones somewhat 

 heart-shaped, conspicuously stalked ; flowers racemed, numerous, bracts short ; 

 sepals linear-pointed, much shorter than the obovate-oblong spreading petals. 

 Var. 1 . FROND6sus : smoother and much less glandular ; flowers more corym- 

 'bose, with leafy bracts ; petals roundish. Var. 2-. HUMirtrsus : trailing, smaller ; 

 peduncles few-flowered. Borders of thickets, &c. : common. May, June : the 

 pleasant large fruit ripe in Aug. and Sept. Plant very variable in size, aspect, 

 and shape of the fruit ; the varieties connecting with 



8. R. Canad^nsis, L. (Low BLACKBERRY. DEWBERRY.) Shrubby, 

 extensively trailing, slightly prickly ; leaflets 3 (or pedately 5-7), oval or ovate- 

 lanceolate, mostly pointed, thin, nearly smooth, sharply cut-serrate ; flowers ra- 

 cemed, with leaf-like bracts. (R. trivialis, Pursh, BigeL, fyc. ; not of Michx.} 

 Rocky hills and copses : common. May ; ripening its excellent fruit earlier 

 than No. 7. 



