ROSACES. (ROSE FAMILY.) 161 



shining ; flowers solitary or 2 - 3 together on very short peduncles ; calyx-lobes as 

 long as the petals ; styles 5 ; fruit globular or pear-shaped, yellowish. Sandy 

 soil, New Jersey to Virginia and southward. May. Shrub 3 - 6 high. 



17. PYRUS, L. PEAR. APPLE. 



Calyx-tube urn-shaped, the limb 5-cleft. Petals roundish or obovate. Sta- 

 mens numerous. Styles 2 - 5. Pome fleshy or berry-like ; the 2 - 5 carpels or 

 cells of a papery or cartilaginous texture, 2-seeded. Trees or shrubs, with 

 handsome flowers in corymbed cymes. (The classical name of the Pear-tree.) 



1. MALUS, Tourn. (APPLE.) Leaves simple: cymes simple and umbel-like: 

 pome fleshy, globular, sunk in at the attachment of the stalk. 



1. P. COronaria, L. (AMERICAN CRAB-APPLE.) Leaves ovate, often 

 rather heart-shaped, cut-serrate or lobed, soon glabrous ; styles woolly and united at 

 the base. Glades, W. New York to Wisconsin and southward. May. Tree 

 20' high, with large, rose-colored, fragrant blossoms, few in the corymb, and 

 fragrant, greenish fruit. 



2. P. angustifblia, Ait. (NARROW-LEAVED C.) Leaves oblong or lance- 

 olate, often acute at the base, mostly toothed, glabrous ; styles distinct. Glades, 

 from Pennsylvania southward. April. Perhaps a variety of No. 1. 



2. ADEN6RHACHIS, DC. Leaves simple, the mid-rib glandular along the up- 

 per side : cymes compound : styles united at the base : fruit berry-like, small. 



3. P. arbutifdlia, L. (CHOKE-BERRY.) Leaves oblong or obovate, finely 

 serrate ; fruit pear-shaped, or when ripe globular. Var. 1 . ERYTHROC ARPA, 

 has the cyme and leaves beneath woolly, and red or purple fruit. Var. 2. ME- 

 LANOCARPA, is nearly smooth, with black fruit. Damp thickets: common. 

 May, June. Shrub 2 - 1 high. Flowers white, or tinged with purple. 



3. S6RBUS, Tourn. Leaves odd-pinnate, with rather numerous leaflets: cymes 

 compound : styles separate : pome berry-like, small. 



4. P. Americana, DC. (AMERICAN MOUNTAIN-ASH.) Nearly glabrous 

 or soon becoming so ; leaflets 13-15, lanceolate, taper -pointed, sharply serrate with 

 pointed teeth, bright green ; cymes large and flat ; berries globose, not larger 

 than peas ; leaf-buds pointed, glabrous and somewhat glutinous. Swamps and 

 mountain-woods, Maine to Penn. and Michigan, and southward along the whole 

 length of the Alleghanies. June. (P. microcarpa, DC.) Tree or tall shrub, 

 with leaflets rather shining above and scarcely pale underneath, the rhachis and 

 petiole reddish and elongated : prized in cultivation for the autumnal clusters 

 of bright-red berries. 



5. P. sambucif61ia, Cham. & Schlecht. Leaflets oblong, oval, or lance- 

 ovate, mostly obtuse or abruptly short-pointed, serrate (mostly doubly) with more 

 spreading teeth, often pale beneath ; cymes smaller ; flowers and berries larger, 

 the latter (4" broad) when young ov6"id, at length globose ; leaf-buds sparingly 

 hairy: otherwise nearly as the preceding. (Sorbus aucuparia, var. /3. Michx.) 

 Along the northern frontiers of the United States, northward and westward 

 to the Pacific, &c. Perhaps passes into No. 4 : it is sometimes cultivated for it, 

 and nearly connects it with 



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