SAXIFRAGACE^E. (SAXIFRAGE FAMILY.) 163 



The lurid purple flowers terminating the leafy branches. Bark and foliage 

 aromatic ; the crushed flowers exhaling more or less the fragrance of strawber- 

 ries. (Name composed of /ca\v, a cup or calyx, and avQos, flower, from the 

 closed cup which contains the pistils.) 



1. C. fl6ridus, L. Leaves oval, soft-downy underneath. Virginia 1 ? and 

 southward, on hillsides in rich soil. Common in gardens. April -Aug. 



2. C. ISBVig&tUS, Willd. Leaves oblong, thin, either blunt or taper-pointed, 

 bright green and glabrous or nearly so on both sides^or rather pale beneath ; flow- 

 ers smaller. Mountains of Franklin Co., Penn. (Prof. Porter), and southward 

 along the Alleghanies. May - Aug. 



3. C. glailCUS, Willd. Leaves oblong-ovate or ovate-lanceolate ; conspicu- 

 ously taper-pointed, glaucous-white beneath, roughish above, glabrous, large (4' - 7' 

 long) ; probably a variety of the preceding. Virginia ? near the mountains 

 and southward.. May -Aug. 



ORDER 35. SAXIFRAGACEJE. (SAXIFRAGE FAMILY.) 



Herbs or shrubs, of various aspect, distinguishable from Rosaceae by hav- 

 ing copious albumen in the seeds, opposite as well as alternate leaves, and 

 usually no stipules when the leaves are alternate ; the stamens mostly definite, 

 and the carpels commonly fewer than the sepals, either separate or partly 

 so, or all combined into one compound pistil. Calyx either free or adher- 

 ent, usually persistent or withering away. Stamens and petals almost al- 

 ways inserted on the calyx. Ovules anatropous. A large family, to 

 which Parnassia, formerly associated with Drosera, is commonly referred, 



now made to include Eibes also. 



Tribe I. GROSSULARIEJE. Shrubs, with alternate and palmately veined and lobed 

 leaves : stipules none or united with the base of the petiole. Calyx-tube coherent with the 

 one-celled ovary, which has 2 parietal placentae and forms a many-seeded berry. Seed-coat 

 externally gelatinous. Embryo minute at the base of the hard albumen. 



1. Ribes. Character of the tribe. Stamens and small petals 5. 



Tribe II. ESCAL.L.O1VIEJE. Shrubs or trees, with alternate and simple pinnately 

 veined leaves, and no stipules. Ovary 2 - 5-celled. 



2. Itea. Calyx 5-cleft, free from the 2-celled ovary, which becomes a septicidal pod. 

 Tribe III. IIYDR ANGIE^E. Shrubs or trees, with opposite simple leaves, and no 



stipules. Ovary 2 - 5-celled ; the calyx coherent at least with its base. Fruit (in the fol- 

 lowing) a many -seeded pod . 



3. Hydrangea. Lobes of the calyx minute in complete flowers. Petals valvate in the bud. 



Stamens 8 or 10. 



4. Pb.iladelph.us. Lobes of the calyx and petals conspicuous 5 the former valvate, the 



latter convolute in the bud. Stamens 20 - 40. 



Tribe IV. SAXIFRAGES. Herbs, without stipules, except perhaps a membranous 

 dilatation of the base of the petiole. Petals imbricated or rarely convolute in the bud. Fruit 

 dry, capsular or follicular. 



* A cluster of sterile or gland-tipped filaments at the base of each petal. Stigmas 3 or 4, situ- 

 ated directly over as many parietal placentae ! 



5. Parnassia. Sepals, petals, and proper stamens 5. Peduncle a scape or scape-like, 1- 

 flowered. 



