SCROPHULARIACE^E. (FIGWORT FAMILY.) 327 



the vestige of the fifth stamen forms a scale-like rudiment at the sumnm of the 

 tube of the corolla. Pod many-seeded. Rank herbs, with mostly opposite 

 leaves, and small greenish-purple or lurid flowers in loose cymes', forming a ter- 

 minal narrow panicle. (So called because a reputed remedy for scrofula.) 



1. S. nodosa, L. Smooth perennial (3 -4 high); stem 4-sided; leaves 

 ovate, oblong, or the upper lanceolate, cut-serrate, rounded or heart-shaped at 

 the base. (S. Marilandica, L.) Damp copses and banks. June- Aug. (Eu.) 



5. COLLINSIA, Nutt. COLLINSIA. 



Calyx deeply 5-cleft. Corolla declined, with the tube saccate or bulging at 

 the base on the upper side, deeply 2-lipped; the upper lip 2-cleft, its lobes 

 partly folded backwards ; the lower 3-cleft, its middle lobe keeled and sac-like, 

 enclosing the 4 declined stamens and style. Fifth stamen a slender rudiment. 

 Pod 4 - many-seeded. Slender branching annuals or biennials, with opposite 

 leaves, and handsome party-colored flowers in umbel-like clusters, appearing 

 whorled in the axils of the upper leaves. (Dedicated to the late Zaccheus Collins, 

 of Philadelphia, an accurate botanist.) 



1. C. v6rna, Nutt. Slender (6' -20' high); lower leaves ovate; the up- 

 per ovate-lanceolate, clasping by the heart-shaped base, toothed ; whorls about 

 6-jlowered ; flowers long-peduncled ; corolla (blue and white) twice the length of the 



'calyx. Moist soil, W. New York to Wisconsin and Kentucky. May, June. 



2. C. parvifl6ra, Dougl. Small; lower leaves ovate or rounded; 

 the upper oblong-lanceolate, mostly .entire ; whorls 2 - 6 flowered ; flowers short- 

 peduncled; the small (blue) corolla scarcely exceeding the calyx Shore of Lake 

 Superior and westward. 



6. CHE LONE, Tourn. TURTLE-HEAD. SNAKE-HEAD. 



Calyx of 5 distinct imbricated sepals. Corolla inflated-tubular, with the 

 mouth a little open ; the upper lip broad and arched, keeled in the middle, 

 notched at the apex ; the lower woolly-bearded in the throat, 3-lobed at the apex, 

 the middle lobe smallest. Stamens 4, with woolly filaments and very woolly 

 heart-shaped anthers ; and a fifth sterile filament smaller than the others. Seeds 

 many, wing-margined. Smooth perennials, with upright branching stems, op- 

 posite serrate leaves, and large white or purple flowers, which are nearly sessile 

 in spikes or clusters, and closely imbricated with round-ovate concave bracts 

 and bractlets. (Name from ^eXtoi/i/, a tortoise, the corolla resembling in shape 

 the head of a reptile.) 



1. C. glabra, L. Leaves very short-petioled, lanceolate or lance-oblong, 

 pointed, variable in width* &c. : the flowers white, rose-color, or purple. (Also 

 C. obliqua, L., &c.) Wet places : common. July - Sept. Called also SHELL- 

 FLOWER, BALMONY, &c. 



7. PENTSTEMON, Mitchell. BEARD-TONGUE. PENTSTEMON. 



Calyx 5-parted. Corolla tubular and more or less inflated, or bell-shaped, 

 either decidedly or slightly 2-lipped ; the upper lip 2-lobed, and the lower 3-cleft. 

 Stamens 4, declined at the base, ascending above ; and a fifth sterile filament 



