336 SCROPHULARIACE^E. (FIGWORT FAMILT.) 



20. CASTILLEIA, Mutis. PAINTED-GUP. 



Calyx tubular, flattened, cleft at the summit on the anterior, and usually on 

 the posterior side also ; the divisions entire or 2-lobed. Tube of the corolla in- 

 cluded in the calyx ; its upper lip long and narrow, arched and keeled, flattened 

 laterally, enclosing the 4 unequal stamens ; the lower lip short, 3-lobed. Anther- 

 cells oblong-linear, unequal, the outer fixed by the middle, the inner pendulous. 

 Pod many-seeded. Herbs (root-parasitic), with alternate entire or cut-lobed 

 leaves ; the floral ones usually dilated, colored, and more showy than the yel- 

 low or purplish spiked flowers. (Dedicated to Castillejo, a Spanish botanist.) 



1. C. COCCinea, Spreng. (SCARLET PAINTED-CUP.) Hairy biennial or 

 annual ; stem simple ; root-leaves clustered ; those of the stem incised ; the floral 

 3-cleft, bright scarlet towards the summit (rarely yellow) ; calyx almost equally 2- 

 cleft, the lobes nearly entire, about the length of the pale yellow corolla. (Euchroma 

 cbccinea, Nutt.) Sandy low grounds : not uncommon. May- Aug. 



2. C. pallida, Kunth. Smooth or sparingly hairy perennial ; at the sum- 

 mit woolly ; leaves often incised ; the floral oblong or obovate, whitish, rarely 

 tinged with purple; calyx deft more deeply in front, the divisions 2-cleft, the ovate- 

 oblong lobes mostly shorter than the whitish corolla. (C. septentrionalis, 

 Lindl.) Alpine region of the White Mountains, New Hampshire, and Green 

 Mountains, Vermont, Lake Superior and northwestward. Aug. (Eu.) 



3. C. sessiliflbra, Pursh. Hairy and low perennial (6' -9' high); leaves 

 mostly 3-cleft, with narrow diverging lobes ; the floral broader, not colored: spike 

 many-flowered, crowded ; calyx deeper cleft in front, the divisions deeply %-cleft, 

 shorter than the tube of the long and narrow greenish-yellow corolla ; which 

 has the lobes of the lower lip slender, pointed, about half the length of the upper. 

 Prairies, Wisconsin (Lapham), Illinois, and westward. Corolla 2' long. 



21. SCHWALBEA, Gronov. CHAFF-SEED. 



Calyx oblique, tubular, 10-12-ribbed, 5-toothed; the posterior tooth much 

 smallest, the 2 anterior united much higher than the others. Upper lip of the 

 corolla arched, oblong, entire ; the lower rather shorter, erect, 2-plaited, with 3 

 very short and broad obtuse lobes. Stamens 4, included in the upper lip : an- 

 ther-cells equal and parallel, obscurely pointed at the base. Pod ovate, many- 

 seeded. Seeds linear, with a loose chaff-like coat- A perennial minutely pu- 

 bescent upright herb (l-2 high), with leafy simple stems, terminated by a 

 loose spike of rather large dull purplish-yellow flowers ; the leaves alternate, 

 sessile, 3-nerved, entire, ovate or oblong, the upper gradually reduced into nar- 

 row bracts. Pedicels very short, with 2 bractlets under the calyx. (Dedicated 

 to C. G. Schwalbe, an obscure German botanist.) 



1. S. Americana, L. Wet sandy soil, Cape Cod at Sandwich (B. D. 

 Greene), near Albany, New York, pine barrens of New Jersey, and southward 

 near the coast. May - July. 



22. EUPHRASIA, Tourn. ETEBRIGHT. 



Calyx tubular or bell-shaped, 4-cleft. Upper lip of the corolla erect, scarcely 

 arched, 2-lobed, the lobes broad and spreading ; lower lip spreading, 3-cleft, the 



