366 BORRAGINACE.E. (BORAGE FAMILY.) 



lets depressed or convex, oblique, fixed near the apex to the base of the style, 

 roughened all over with short barbed or hooked prickles. Coarse herbs, with 

 a strong scent and petioled lower leaves; the mostly panicled (so-called) ra- 

 cemes naked above, usually bracted at the base. Fl. all summer. (Name from 

 KUOOI/, a dog, and yXwacra, tongue; from the shape and texture of the leaves.) 



1. C. OFFICINA.LE, L. (COMMON HOUND'S-TONGUE.) Biennial; clothed 

 with short soft hairs, Itafy, panicled above ; upper leaves lanceolate, closely sessile 

 by a rounded or slightly heart-shaped base ; racemes nearly bractless ; corolla 

 reddish-purple (rarely white) ; nutlets flat on the broad upper face, somewhat 

 margined. Waste grounds and pastures : a familiar and troublesome weed ; 

 the large nutlets adhering to the fleece of sheep, &c. (Nat. from Eu.) 



2. C. Virginicum, L. (WiLD COMFREY.) Perennial; rouyhish with 

 spreading bristly hairs ; stem simple, few-lea ved (2 -3 high) ; stem-leaves lance- 

 olate-oblong, clasping by a deep heart-shaped base ; racemes feutyind corymbed, 

 raised on a long naked peduncle, bractless ; corolla pale blue ; nutlets strongly con- 

 vex. Rich woods : rather common, especially westward. Flowers interme- 

 diate in size between the other two. 



3. C. Moris6ni, DC. (BEGGAR'S LICE.) Biennial; stem hairy, very 

 broadly branched, leafy (2 -4 high) ; leaves oblong-ovate, taper-pointed, also 

 tapering at the base, thin; minutely downy underneath and roughish above; 

 racemes panicled, forking, diverging, hairy, leafy-bracted at the base ; flowers very 

 small; corolla white or pale blue (minute) ; pedicels reflexed in fruit; nutlets 

 convex, the prickles with barbed points. (Myosotis Virgmica, L. Echino- 

 spermum, Lehm.) Copses : a common and vile weed. 



10. HELIOTROPIUM, Tourn. HELIOTROPE. 



Corolla salver-shaped, short, 5-lobed ; the sinuses more or less plaited in the 

 bud; the throat open. Anthers nearly sessile. Style short: stigma conical, or 

 capitate. Nutlets 4, when young united by their whole inner faces into a 4- 

 celled ovary, but separating when ripe, each 1 -seeded. Herbs or low shrubby 

 plants, the small flowers in one-sided spikes ; in summer. (The ancient name, 

 from 77X10?, the sun, and rpoTrrj, a turn.) 



1. H. EUROPIUM, L. Erect annual (6' - 18' high), hoary-pubescent ; leaves 

 oval, long-petioled ; lateral spikes single, the terminal in pairs ; calyx spreading 

 in fruit, hairy. Waste places, southward : scarce. (Adv. from Eu.) 



2. H. Curass&vicum, L. Apparently annual, glabrous ; stems ascend- 

 ing; leaves lance-linear or spatulate, thickish, pale, almost veinless ; spikes in 

 pairs. Sandy shores, Norfolk, Virginia, S. W. Illinois, and southward. 



11. HELl6PHYTTJM, Cham., DC. INDIAN HELIOTROPE. 



Corolla constricted at the throat. Style very short. Nutlets 2, each 2-celled, 

 i. e. 4, in pairs, and sometimes a pair of empty false cells besides : otherwise 

 nearly as in Heliotropium. (Name, rjXtos, sun, and (pvrov, plant. ) 



1. H. INDICUM, DC. Erect and hairy annual ; leaves petioled, ovate or 

 oval and somewhat heart-shaped ; spikes single ; fruit 2-cleft, mitre-shaped, 

 with an empty false cell before each seed-bearing cell. (Heliotropium Indi- 

 cum, L.) Waste places, S. Illinois, and southward. (Adv. from India.) 



