382 SOLANACEJ2. (NIGHTSHADE FAMILY.) 



# * Root perennial: stems mostly from slender creeping rootstocks, usually low (6'- 

 20' high) : anthers yellow ; fruiting calyx loosely inflated, 5-angled, much larger 

 than the berry. 



*- Wild species : corolla greenish-yellow and commonly brown or purplish in the 

 centre, the border 5-angled or barely 5 - 10-toothed, 6" - 12" broad. 



5. P. viscbsa, L. Clammy -pubescent, diffusely much branched and widely 

 spreading, or at first erect; leaves ovate or slightly heart-shaped, sometimes 

 oblong, repand or obtusely toothed, rarely entire ; corolla dark brown in the 

 centre; fruiting calyx ovate, barely concave or truncate at base, sharply 5- 

 angled ; berry orange or reddish, glutinous. (P. heterophylla, Nees. P. nyc- 

 taginea, & P. viscido-pubescens, Dunal?) Light or sandy soil : common. 



6. P. Pennsylvanica, L. Minutely hirsute-pubescent (not clammy), or 

 nearly glabrous ; leaves ovate, oblong, or oblong-lanceolate and tapering at the 

 base, entire or sparingly repand-toothed ; corolla merely darker or purplish-veiny 

 in the centre ; fruiting calyx conical or globular-ovate, pointed, and with an im- 

 pressed base ; berry red. Var. LANCEOLATA ; the narrower-leaved and pubes- 

 cent form (5'- 15' high), especially the state with a hairy calyx. (P. lauceolata, 

 Michx. P. maritima, M. A. Curtis.) Dry, often sandy soil, from Pennsyl- 

 vania southward and westward, even northwestward to the Winipeg valley. 

 Fruiting calyx I'-l^' long. Shape of calyx-lobes very variable. 



- - Introduced : corolla greenish-white, unspotted, 5-lobed. 



7. P. ALKEKENGI, L. (STRAWBERRY TOMATO.) More or less pubes- 

 cent ; sparingly branched ; leaves deltoid-ovate, pointed ; calyx-teeth awl-shaped ; 

 fruiting calyx broadly ovate, turning red ; the berry bright red, pleasant. Cult, 

 and waste grounds, eastward. (Cult. & Adv. from Eu.) 



3. NICANDBA, Adans. APPLE OF PERU. 



Calyx 5-parted, 5-angled, the divisions rather arrow-shaped, enlarged and 

 bladder-like in fruit, enclosing the 3-5-celled globular dry berry. Corolla with 

 border nearly entire. Otherwise much like Physalis. An annual smooth herb 

 (2 -3 high), with ovate sinuate-toothed or angled leaves, and solitary pale 

 blue flowers on axillary and terminal peduncles. (Named after the poetNican- 

 der of Colophon.) 



1. N. PHYSALO^DES, Gsertn. Waste grounds. (Adv. from Peru.) 



4. L'STCIUM, L. MATRIMONY- VINE. 



Calyx 3- 5-toothed or cleft, not enlarging, persistent at the base of the berry. 

 Corolla funnel-form or salver-shaped, 5-lobed, the lobes imbricated and not 

 plaited in the bud. Stamens 5 : anthers opening lengthwise. Style slender : 

 stigma capitate. Berry small, 2-celled. Shrubby, often spiny plants, with 

 alternate and entire small leaves, and mostly axillary small flowers. (Named 

 from the country, Lycia.) 



1. L. VULGA.RE, Dunal. (COMMON M.) Shrub with long sarmentose re- 

 curved-drooping branches, smooth, sparingly if at all spiny ; leaves oblong- or 

 spatulate-lanceolate, often fascicled, narrowed into a short petiole ; flowers on 

 slender peduncles fascicled in the axils ; corolla short funnel-form, greenish- 



