506 ORCHIDACE^E. (ORCHIS FAMILY.) 



at the base nipple-shaped. (Also S. Beckii, LindL, at least as to the Northern 

 plant.) Hilly woods and sandy plains: common. July -Oct. Perianth 

 barely l"- 2" long. 



6. S. simplex, n. sp. Root a solitary oblong or spindle-shaped tuber; no 

 leaves at flowering time; scape 5' -9' high, bearing a small narrow (rarely 1- 

 sided) spike of very short flowers (perianth l"-l" long) ; lip thin, white, obovate- 

 oblong, the apex eroded and crisped, the callosities at the base slender. Dry, 

 sandy soil, E. Mass. (Nantucket, Dr. Robbins), New Jersey (C. F. Austin, frc.), 

 and Delaware, Wm. Ms Canby. Aug., Sept. Spike l'-3' long. 



5. LISTER A, R. Brown. TWAYBLADE. 



Sepals and petals nearly alike, spreading or reflexed. Lip mostly drooping, 

 longer than the sepals, 2-lobed or 2-cleft. Column wingless : stigma with a 

 rounded beak. Anther borne on the back of the column at the summit, erect, 

 ovate : pollen powdery, in 2 masses, joined to a minute gland. Roots fibrous. 

 Stem bearing a pair of opposite sessile leaves in the middle, and a spike or ra- 

 ceme of greenish or brownish-purple small flowers. (Dedicated to Martin Lister, 

 an early and celebrated British naturalist.) 



* Column very short. (Sepals ovate, reflexed: plants delicate, 4' - 8' high.) 



1. L. COrdata, R. Brown. Leaves round-ovate, somewhat heart-shaped 

 ('-!' long) ; raceme smooth; flowers minute, crowded, on pedicels not longer than 

 the ovary ; lip linear, twice the length of the sepals, 1 -toothed on each side at the 

 base, 2-cleft. Damp cold woods ; from Fenn. northward. June, July. (Eu.) 



2. L. australis, Lindl. Leaves ovate ; raceme loose and slender ; flowers 

 very small, on minutely glandular-pubescent pedicels twice the length of the ovary ; lip 

 linear, 3-4 times the length of the sepals, 2-partr.d, the divisions linear-setaceous. 

 Damp thickets, New Jersey to E. Virginia and southward. June. 



* # Column longer, arching or straightish. 



3. L. COnvallarioideS, Hook. Leaves oval or roundish, and sometimes 

 a little heart-shaped (!'-!' long) ; raceme loose, pubescent; flowers' on slen- 

 der pedicels; lip wedge-oblong, 2-lobed at the dilated apex, and 1 -toothed on 

 each side at the base, nearly twice the length of the narrowly lanceolate spread- 

 ing sepals, purplish, ' long. (Epipactis convallarioides, Swartz.) Damp 

 mossy woods, along the whole Alleghany Mountains, to Penn., also Maine to 

 Lake Superior, and northward. Plant 4' -9' high. 



6. ARETHUSA, Gronov. ARETHUSA. 



Flower ringent ; the lanceolate sepals and petals nearly alike, united at the 

 base, ascending and arching over the column. Lip dilated and recurved spread- 

 ing towards the summit. Column adherent to the lip below, petal-like, dilated 

 at the apex. Anther lid-like, terminal, of 2 approximate cells : pollen-masses 

 powdery-granular, 2 in each cell. Beautiful low herbs, consisting of a sheathed 

 scape from a globular solid bulb, terminated usually by a single large rose-pur- 

 ple flower. Leaf solitary, linear, nerved, hidden in the sheaths of the scape, 

 protruding after flowering. (Dedicated to the Nymph Arethusa.) 



