556 CYPERACE^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 



3. DULICHIUM, Richard. DULICIHUM. (PI. 1.) 



Spikes many- (6 - 10-) flowered, linear, flattened, sessile in 2 ranks on axillary 

 solitary peduncles emerging from the sheaths of the leaves : scales 2-ranked, 

 lanceolate, decurrent, forming flat wing-like margins on the joint below. Peri- 

 anth of 6 - 9 downwardly barbed bristles. Stamens 3. Style 2-cleft above. : 

 Achenium flattened, linear-oblong, beaked with the long persistent style. A 

 perennial herb, with a terete simple culm ( 1 - 2 high), jointed and leafy to the 

 summit; the leaves short and flat, linear, 3-ranked. (The name of a Greek 

 island ; its singular application to an American plant unexplained. ) 



1. D. spathaceum, Pers. Borders of ponds : common. July -Sept. 



4. FUIBENA, Rottboll. UMBRELLA-GRASS. (PI. 2.) 



Spikes many-flowered, terete, clustered or solitary, axillary arid terminal. 

 Scales imbricated in many ranks, awned below the apex, all floriferous. Peri- 

 anth of 3 ovate or heart-shaped petaloid scales, mostly on claws, and usually 

 Avith as many alternating small bristles. Stamens 3. Style 3-cleft. Achenium 

 triangular, pointed with the persistent base of the style. Culms from a peren- 

 nial root, obtusely triangular. (Named for G. Fuiren, a Danish botanist) 



1. F. squarrdsa, Michx. Stem (1- 2 high) leafy; leaves and sheaths 

 hairy; spikes ovoid-oblong (6" long), clustered in heads, bristly with the spread- 

 ing awns of the scales ; perianth-scales ovate and awn-pointed, the interposed 

 bristles minute. Var. pfrMiLA, Torr., is a dwarf form, l'-6' high, with 

 2-6 spikes; perianth-scales ovate-lanceolate and oblanceolate. Sandy wet 

 places, Massachusetts to Virginia, and southward ; also 'Michigan : northward 

 mostly the small variety. Aug. 



5. LIPOCARPHA, R. Br. LIPOCARPHA. (PI. 2.) 



Spikes terete, many-flowered, in a terminal close cluster, which is involucrate 

 by leafy bracts. Scales spatulate, regularly imbricated all round in many ranks, 

 awnless, deciduous, a few of the lowest empty. Inner scales (bractlets) 2 to 

 each flower, thin, one between the scale of the spike and the flower, one between 

 the latter and the axis of the spike. Bristles or other perianth none. Stamens 

 1 or 2. Style 2 -3-cleft. Achenium flattish or triangular, naked at the tip. 

 Culms leafy at the base. (Name formed of \'nros,fat, and tapfyos, chaff, from 

 the thickness of the inner scales of some species.) 



1. L. maculata, Torr. Annual; culm (4' -8' high) much longer than 

 the linear concave leaves; spikes (l"-2"long) green and dark-spotted; inner 

 scales delicate ; stamen one ; achenium oblong with a contracted base. Petty's 

 Island, Philadelphia, Prof. Leidy, frc. Probably adventive from S. States. 



6. HEMICARPHA, Nees. HEMICARPHA. (PI. 2.) 



Spike, flowers, &c. just as in Scirpus, except that there is a minute trans- 

 lucent scale (readily overlooked) between the flower and the axis of the spike. 

 Stamen only one. Style 2-cleft. Bristles or other perianth none. (Name from 

 i?/it, half, and Kiipffros, straw or chaff \ in allusion to the single inner scalelet.) 



