CYPERACE^E. (SEDGE FAMILY.) 587 



Counties, New York, to Illinois, Michigan, and northwestward. Variable, 

 4' -12' high; the taller forms resembling the next ; but the perigynium is less 

 round and with fewer and more indistinct nerves, the bracts do not exceed the 

 culm, and the staminate spike is long-peduncled. 



++ ** Staminate spike nearly sessile : periyynium turgid, many-nerved, greenish. 



72. C. granularis, Muhl. Sterile spike mostly shorter than the approx- 

 imate uppermost of the 3 or 4 fertile ; these cylindrical, dense, the lowest remote and 

 slender peditncled, sometimes from near the root ; perigynia globular-ovoid, con- 

 tracted into a short often slightly bent point, longer than the pointed scale ; 

 plant pale, glabrous; bracts long, exceeding the culm. Wet meadows : common. 



73. C. T6rreyi, Tuckerman. Sterile spike overtopping the 2 or 3 ovoid 

 contiguous nearly sessile fertile spikes ; perigynia obovate, strongly nerved, the very 

 obtuse or retuse summit abruptly tipped with a very short cylindraceous beak- 

 like point, longer than the ovate mostly acute or pointed scale; culm, leaves, 

 and short sheathless bracts downy. (C. abbreviate, Schw., Boott.) Bethlehem, 

 Pennsylvania, Schweinitz, New York ? and high northward. Probably over- 

 looked from its close external resemblance to the next; but it is very distinct. 



* * Staminate spike sessile, or short-stalked (except in No. 75) : pistillate spikes 

 2-5, erect, all on more or less exserted stalks ; bracts longer than the culm 

 (except in No. 75) : perigynia very obtuse, with an abrupt and minute or 

 almost obsolete point, green and somewhat pellucid at maturity : pistillate 

 scales tawny, fading to white. PALLESCENTES. 



74. C. pallescens, L. Fertile spikes 2-3, ovoid, densely flowered, approxi- 

 mate ; perigynia obovoid-oblong , obscurely nerved, about the length of the scale. 

 Var. UNDULATA is a mere state with the lower bract at the base transversely 

 wavy-lined. (C. undulata, Kunze.) Meadows, New England to Penn. and 

 northward. Plant 8' - 18' high : culm and leaves slightly pubescent. (Eu.) 



75. C. COnoidea, Schk. Staminate spike on a long stalk ; fertile 2-3, oblong, 

 closely flowered, the lower distant ; perigynia oblong-conical, with impressed nerves, 

 slightly oblique at the summit, rather longer (or sometimes shorter) than the 

 sharply pointed or awned scale; bracts not exceeding the culm. (C. tetanica, 

 Schw. Sf Torr., not of Schk.} Moist meadows : rather common. 



76. C. grisea, Wahl. Fertile spikes 3-6, oblong, rather loosely flowered, re- 

 mote, or the 2 upper contiguous and the lowest distant ; perigynia oblong, rather 

 longer than the broadly ovate abruptly strongly awned scale (the awn rough- 

 hispid ; style bulbous-thickened; leaves light green, flat, rather broad. (C. laxi- 

 flbra, Schk., not of Lam.) Moist grounds : rather common. 



77. C. flaccosperma, Dew. Differs from the preceding in having the 

 flaccid leaves paler or glaucous; spikes longer, cylindrical (about 1'long), with 

 more numerous flowers, usually more distant, their bracts shorter ; perigynia 

 larger (2" -3" long), laxer, turning brownish, twice or thrice the length of the 

 short-pointed or short-awn-pointed scale; style not thickened. (C. grisea, var. 

 miitica, of former ed. Prof. Dewey now proposes to change the name to xan- 

 thosperma, because flaccosperma is a hybrid word and "yellow- fruited" was 

 meant. But the fruit is not yellow, and the original name has been adopted 

 by Boott and Steudel.) Low grounds, Penn. and New Jersey, Knieskern (a 

 dubious form), and common southward. 



