636 GRAMINE^E. (GRASS FAMILY.) 



tile with 3 stamens; culm and panicle elongated (4 -8 high). Sand-hills 

 on the sea-shore, S. Virginia and southward. 



2. U. latifolia, Michx. Leaves broad and flat (nearly 1' wide); spikdets 

 at length oblong, hanging on long pedicds ; flowers acute, ciliate on the keel, all 

 but the lowest perfect and monandrous. Shaded rich hillsides, S. Pennsylvania 

 to Illinois and southward. Aug. Culm 2 - 4 high : panicle loose. 



* * Spikdets small : panicle contracted and wand-like : perfect flowers long-pointed. 



3. U. gracilis, Michx. Spikelets shorl-pedicdled (2" -3" long), broadly 

 wedge-shaped, acute at the base, 4 - ^-flowered ; the flowers ovate and diver- 

 gently beaked, long, the lowest one neutral. Sandy soil, from Long Island to 

 Virginia, near the coast, and southward. Aug. Culm 3 high, slender. 



40. PHBAGMITES, Trin. REED. (PI. 11.) 



Spikelets 3 - 7-flowered ; the flowers rather distant, silky-villous at their base, 

 and with a conspicuous silky-bearded rhachis, all perfect and 3-androus, except 

 the lowest, which is either neutral or with 1-3 stamens, and naked. Glumes 

 membranaceous, shorter than the flowers, lanceolate, keeled, sharp-pointed, very 

 unequal. Palets membranaceous, slender; the lower narrowly awl-shaped, 

 thrice the length of the upper. Squamula? 2, large. Styles long. Grain free. 

 Tail and stout perennials, with numerous broad leaves, and a large terminal 

 panicle, ((ppaypires^ growing in hedges, which this aquatic Grass does not.) 



1. P. COmmimis, Trin. Panicle loose, nodding; Spikelets 3-5-flow- 

 ered; flowers equalling the wool. (Arundo, //.) Edges of ponds. Sept. 

 Looks like Broom-Corn at a distance, 5- 12 high : leaves 2' wide. (Eu.) 



41. ARUNDINARIA, Michx. CANE. (PI. 11.) 



Spikelets flattened, 5- 14-flowered; the flowers somewhat separated on the 

 jointed rhachis. Glumes very small, membranaceous, the upper one larger. 

 Palets herbaceous or somewhat membranaceous ; the lower convex on the back, 

 many-nerved, tapering into a mucronate point or bristle. Squamul 3, longer 

 than the ovary. Stamens 3. Grain oblong, free. Arborescent or shrubby 

 Grasses, simple or with fascicled branches, and with large spikelets in panicles 

 or racemes ; the flowers polygamous. (Name from arundo, a reed.) 



1. A. macrosp^rma, Michx. (LARGE CANE.) Culms arborescent, 

 10 -20 high, rigid, simple the first year, branching the second, afterwards at 

 indefinite periods fruiting, and soon after decaying; leaves lanceolate (l'-2 ; 

 wide), smoothish; panicle lateral, composed of few simple racemes; spikelets 

 purple, erect ; lower palet lance-ovate, pubescent, fringed (S" long). Chapman, 

 under A. gigantea. River-banks, S. Virginia? Kentucky? and southward, 

 forming canebrakes. 



2. A. tecta, Muhl. (SMALL CANE.) Culms slender, 2- 10 high, branch- 

 ing ; leaves linear-lanceolate (9"- 1' wide), roughish, the sheaths bearded at the 

 throat ; spikelets solitary or in a simple raceme at the summit of the branches, 

 or frequently on leafless radical culms; lower palet (6" long) ovate-lanceolate, 

 smooth, fringed on the margins. Chapman. (Arundo tecta, Walt.) Swamps 

 and moist soil, Virginia, Illinois, and southward. April. 



