22 



THE ARTISTIC ANATOMY OF ANIMALS 



three ; except in the bat, and the majority of the 

 cetaceans. 



In certain animals (in the ungulates [hoofed*] — pigs, oxen, 

 sheep, horses) the superior, or spinal, border of the scapula is 

 surmounted by a cartilage called the cartilage of prolongation. 



This is the cause why the border to which it is fixed is so 



Fig. io. — Situation and Direc- Fig. ii. — Position and Direction 



TioN OF the Scapula in the 

 Human Being, the Trunk being 

 Horizontal, as in Quadrupeds. 

 Vertical .\nd Transverse Sec- 

 tion OF THE Thorax (Diagram- 

 matic Figure). 



Contour of the thorax; 2, 2, the 

 scapula. 



OF THE Scapula in Quadrupeds. 

 Vertical and Transverse Sec- 

 tion OF THE Thorax (Diagram- 

 M.\Tic Figure). 



Contour of the thorax ; 2, 2, the 

 scapula. 



slightly noticeable under the skin in these animals ; indeed, 

 in the upper part, the bone and cartilage are not distinguish- 

 able in the contour of the corresponding region of the back ; 

 being applied to the lateral surfaces of the spinous processes, 

 the prominence formed by the extremities of which is directly 

 continuous with the plane of the scapula (Fig. i6). 



For the definition of the word hoofed, see p. 2- 



