24 



THE ARTISTIC ANATOMY OF ANIMALS 



acromion process of the human scapula. The two regions 

 separated by the spine are known as the supraspinous fossa 

 and the infraspinous fossa. The supraspinous fossa is anterior 

 to the spine, and the infraspinous is posterior to it. The 

 surfaces of the scapula are, in quadrupeds, flatter than 

 in the human being, and in particular the subscapular fossa, 

 which is also less concave. Some authors attribute this to 

 the lesser curvature of the ribs in quadrupeds. A few words 



Fig. 14. — Vertical and Transverse 

 Section, at the Site of the 

 Shoulders, of the Thorax of the 

 Horse (Diagrammatic Figure). 



I, Outline of the thorax at the level 

 of the third dorsal vertebra; 2, 2, 

 scapula ; 3, spinal border of the 

 scapula ; 4, cartilage of prolongation ; 

 5, contour of the skin. 



Fig. 15. — Vertical A.ND Trans- 

 verse Section, at the Plane 

 OF THE Shoulders, of the 

 Thorax of a Dog ^Diagram- 

 MATic Figure). 



I, Outline of the thorax at the 

 level of the third dorsal vertebra ; 

 2, 2, scapula; 3, spinal border of 

 the scapula; 4, contour of the skin. 



will suffice to prove that there must be another reason. 

 The scapula is not in immediate contact with the ribs ; the 

 subscapular fossa is not moulded on them. Besides, the 

 form of the scapula is, as in other parts of the skeleton, 

 dependent on the disposition of muscles, and the develop- 

 ment of these latter is correlated to the extent and energy 

 of the movements which the individual is able or required 



