6o THE ARTISTIC ANATOMY OF ANIMALS 



digits, and noted the general fact that they do not come in 

 contact with the ground. It is necessary to modify this 

 statement by adding that under certain conditions they 

 give a sHght amount of support ; for example, when the 

 individual is the subject of excessive obesity, the limbs 

 yield under the weight, and the nails of the lateral digits 

 may touch the ground. 



A similar fact may be noticed in pigs of ordinary bulk at 

 the moment when, during walking, each of the fore-limbs 

 commences to bear the weight — that is to say, when it is 

 directed obliquely downwards and forwards ; then all the 

 digits are in contact with the ground. 



Unguligrades (Ungulates) : Sheep, Ox (Fig. 39). — The 

 scapula, which is of elongated form, is very narrow in the 

 vicinity of the glenoid cavity. The spine, which becomes 

 more and more salient towards its inferior part, terminates 

 abruptly in a border, which, forming an acute angle with the 

 crest, produces a projection which represents the acromion 

 process — a very rudimentary acromion, for it does not reach 

 the level of the glenoid cavity. The supraspinous fossa is 

 much smaller than the infraspinous ; it hardly equals one- 

 third the extent of the latter. The anterior border, thin and 

 convex in its superior portion, is concave in the rest of its 

 extent ; the posterior border is thick and slightly concave ; 

 the spinal border is surmounted by the cartilage of pro- 

 longation. In the ox the spine of the scapula, in its middle 

 portion, is flexed a little backwards on the infraspinous 

 fossa. 



The great tuberosity of the humerus is highly developed ; 

 its summit, very prominent, is flexed over the bicipital 

 groove ; a prominence of the small tuberosity also bends 

 over the groove, with the result that at this level the latter 

 is converted into a sort of canal. At the inferior extremity 

 the condyle, although not large, is recognisable ; for it is 

 separated from the trochlea by a depression in form of a 

 groove. In contrast to the condition found in man, the 

 condyle descends to a level a little below that of the in- 

 ternal lip of the trochlea. (For the arrangement of the 

 epicondyle and the epitrochlea, see p. 30.) In the sheep, 



