i88 THE ARTISTIC ANATOMY OF ANIMALS 



It arises, as the preceding, from the skeleton of the fore- 

 arm, and there it is deeply placed. Below, towards the 

 carpus, its tendinous part becomes superficial, to end in the 

 following manner : 



In the carnivora, the tendon divides into two very slender 

 parts, which are inserted into the thumb and the index. 

 In the pig, the tendon is blended with that of the common 

 extensor of the internal digits. Finally, in the ox and the 

 horse, it is sometimes regarded as being blended with the 

 common or anterior extensor of the phalanges. But to us it 

 appears more rational to say that it does not exist, which, 

 moreover, is explained by the digital simplification of the 

 hand. 



Internal and Posterior Region 



Pronator Teres (Fig. 76, 8). — This muscle, as may easily 

 be understood, undergoes, as do the supinators, a degree 

 of degeneration in proportion to the loss of mobility of the 

 radius on the ulna. In animals in which the bones of the 

 forearm are not fused it exists ; in those, on the other 

 hand, in which this segment has become simply a sup- 

 porting column, it is not developed — at least, in a normal 

 manner. 



It is, consequently, found best marked in the dog and 

 the cat. 



Forming, as in man, the internal limit of the hollow of the 

 elbow, the pronator teres has a disposition analogous to that 

 which characterizes the corresponding muscle in the human 

 species. It arises from the epitrochlea (internal condyle), 

 proceeds downwards and outwards, and is inserted into the 

 middle portion of the body of the radius. 



It is into the hollow in front of the elbow, which this 

 muscle contributes to limit, that the biceps and the brachialis 

 anticus dip. 



In the pig and the ox it is atrophied. 



In the horse it does not exist. We may, however, 

 sometimes find it, but in an abnormal form. We were 

 able to demonstrate its presence in the form of a fleshy 



