MYOLOGY 191 



And yet some authors announce its presence in the 

 dog, and describe it as becoming detached, in the form 

 of a cyhndrical bundle, from the anterior surface of the 

 fleshy mass of the deep flexor of the digits (see p. ig6) 

 to proceed then by a tendon which divides into two parts, 

 to terminate in the palm of the hand, where it blends 

 with the tendons of the superficial flexor, which are destined 

 for the third and fourth digits. 



These authors give to this muscle the name of palmaris 

 longus, and attribute to it the action of flexing the hand. 



Anterior Ulnar {Flexor carpi ulnaris) (Fig, y-^, 16 ; Fig. 

 76, II ; Fig. yy, 8). — Called by veterinary anatomists the 

 oblique flexor of the metacarpus, or internal ulnar, this 

 muscle occupies the internal part of the posterior aspect of 

 the forearm in the ox and the horse, while in the dog it 

 occupies rather the external part. 



This difference arises from the fact that in this latter, as 

 in man, the anterior ulnar is separated from the flexor carpi 

 radialis by an interval in which we see, on the internal aspect 

 of the forearm, just at the level of the elbow, the flexors of 

 the digits. This interval is so much the wider as there is 

 no palmaris muscle to subdivide its extent (Fig. 81). In 

 the horse, the interval in question does not exist. In this 

 animal, indeed, the anterior ulnar is in contact with the 

 radial flexor, so that this muscle can occupy only a region 

 belonging rather to the internal surface of the forearm 

 (Fig. 82). 



In the dog the anterior ulnar is in contact with the pos- 

 terior ulnar. This relation recalls that which is found in man, 

 where the two muscles are merely separated by the crest of 

 the ulna (Fig, 81). But in the horse, in which the anterior 

 ulnar has, so to speak, slid towards the internal aspect, 

 this muscle is separated above from the posterior ulnar, 

 and it is in the interval separating these two muscles that 

 we are able to perceive, but this time at the back of the 

 forearm, the muscular mass of the flexors of the digits 

 (Fig. 82). 



The anterior ulnar arises above from the epitrochlea and 

 the olecranon ; thence it is directed towards the carpus. 



