MYOLOGY 201 



— This muscle, as in man, occupies the external iliac fossa. 

 But this latter being directed differently in the digitigrades 

 and the ungulates, as we have pointed out in the section 

 on osteology (see pp. 91 and 99), the muscle in question 

 has consequently not the same direction in the two groups 

 of animals, being turned outwards in the first, and upwards 

 in the second. 



It is the thickest of the glutei, and gives to the region 

 which it occupies a rounded form. 



From the iliac fossa from which it arises the fleshy fibres 

 are directed towards the femur, to be inserted into the 

 great trochanter. It is covered by an aponeurosis, and 

 in part by the great gluteal. It completely covers the 

 small gluteal, which veterinary anatomists designate by 

 the name of the deep gluteal. 



In the carnivora it does not pass in front of the iliac 

 crest, but, in the ox, and more particularly in the horse, it is 

 prolonged anteriorly, and thus covers, to a certain extent, 

 the muscles of the common mass. 



When it contracts, taking its fixed point at the pelvis, 

 the gluteus medius extends the thigh, which it is also able 

 to abduct. If, on the other hand, its fixed point is on 

 the femur, it acts on the trunk, which it raises, producing 

 oscillating movements of the pelvis. It contributes in 

 this way to the action of rearing. We also see it dis- 

 tinctly appear by the prominence which it produces in 

 the dog, which, according to the time-honoured phrase. 

 fait le beau. 



Gluteus Maximus (Fig. 68, 28 ; Fig. 69, 25 ; Fig. 70, 

 33' 34)- — The great gluteal muscle, further designated in 

 veterinary anatomy the superficial gluteal, is proportionately 

 less developed in quadrupeds than in man. Indeed, in the 

 latter, where it is of very great thickness, its volume is 

 due to the important function which it fulfils in maintaining 

 the biped attitude. 



In quadrupeds it contributes to form the superficial part 

 of the crupper and the external surface of the thigh. It is 

 divided into two parts : one anterior, the other posterior. 



With regard to this latter, it will be necessar}^ to indicate 



