MYOLOGY 243 



eyelids ; thence it is directed towards the base of the pinna 

 of the ear, and is inserted into this base, and also into the 

 cartilaginous plate situated in front of and internal to this, 

 and resting on the surface of the temporal muscle ; this is 

 the scutiform cartilage. 



The zygomatico-auricularis, which we look on as the 

 homologue of the anterior auricular of man, draws the 

 pinna of the ear forwards. 



Temporo-auricularis Externus (Fig. 92, 12). — This, which 

 is thin and very broad, covers the temporal muscle. 



It arises from the whole extent of the parietal crest, 

 blending in this plane, in its posterior half, with the muscle 

 of the opposite side. Thence it is directed outwards to- 

 wards the pinna of the ear, and is inserted into the 

 internal border of the scutiform cartilage and on the inner 

 side of the concha — that is to say, of the conchinian car- 

 tilage — which forms the principal part of the pinna. We are 

 supposing, in the description of the muscles which move it, 

 that this pinna has its opening directed outwards. 



The external tempore - auricular, which recalls, from 

 its situation, the superior auricular of man, is an adductor 

 of the ear ; besides, it causes it to describe a movement of 

 rotation from without inwards, so as to direct its opening 

 forwards. 



Scuto-auricularis Externus. — This muscle may be con- 

 sidered as supplementary to the external temporo-auricular ; 

 the concha fasciculus of this latter partly covers it. 



Extending from the scutiform cartilage to the inner side 

 of the concha, it contributes to the movement of rotation 

 by which the opening of the pinna of the ear is directed 

 forwards. 



rCervico - auricular Muscles (Fig. 92, 13). — These 

 muscles, three in number, are situated behind the pinna of 

 the ear ; they are called, from their mode of superposition, 

 the superficial, middle, and deep. 



These arise, all three, from the superior cervical ligament, 

 and pass from there towards the cartilage of the concha. 

 They recall, as regards situation, the posterior auricular 

 muscle of man. 



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