278 THE ARTISTIC ANATOMY OF ANIMALS 



The distance F, I, comprised between the maxillary spines, 

 is i8 centimetres. 



It is equal to : 



O, O, the distance between the internal angles of the eyes 

 (G. and B.) ; 



F, R, the distance from the maxillary spine to the superior 

 commissure of the corresponding nostril (G. and. B) ; 



F, P, from the maxillary spine to the salt-cellar.'^ 



From the nape to the internal angle of the eye, C, O, is the 

 same distance as from this latter point to the commissure 

 of the lips, O, T ; and from the maxillary spine to the upper 

 lip F, S (G. and B.). 



The distance apart, T, T, of the two commissures of the 

 lips gives, very nearly, the distance from the superior 

 border of the orbital arch to the base of the ear or the 

 auditory meatus. In the state of rest, the outer limit of the 

 separation of the nostrils does not exceed the width of the 

 knee ;f we frequently find the same distance intercepted 

 above the nape by the tranquil ears. In the figure (Fig. 

 no) we have intentionally represented them directed in 

 a different plane, in order to show that when the pinna is 

 turned backward, it none the less preserves the contour 

 of bracket form, more or less pronounced according to the 

 breeding of the subject, and characterizing in repose the 

 interior curves of the ear. 



The extreme limit of the lips, M, N, but very slightly 

 exceeds that of the nostrils ; on many heads of harmonious 

 proportions this distance is found to be the half of A, B. 



In order not to interrupt the course of the preceding exposi- 

 tion, we decided to withhold tiU afterwards some reflections 

 which have been suggested to us by certain of the proportions 

 which are there indicated. The proportions in question are 

 important — we may even say that they are fundamental, for 

 they have for object the relation which exists between the 

 length of the head, the height of the body, and the length 

 of the latter. 



* We designate under the name salt-cellar a depression situated external 

 to the frontal region and above the eye. 



f We remind our readers that the name ' knee ' is given by veterinarians 

 to the region occupied by the carpus. 



