PROFIT WITH POULTRY 15 



other substances which grind up the grains in the 

 crops, but those in yards must be constantly supplied 

 with some good manufactured grit. Then again 

 hens running in the woods can find sufficient char- 

 coal, while those penned must be supplied with the 

 prepared product. 



The drinking water is one of the most important 

 things in connection with intensive poultry raising. 

 Birds, at large, as a rule, have an opportunity to 

 obtain clean, fresh water at all times, but those in 

 confinement are ofttimes neglected in this respect. 

 It is not only necessary to have water before the 

 fowls at all times, but such water should be as pure, 

 clean, and fresh as possible. Stale, impure, dirty 

 water will breed disease. Not only should water 

 be drawn fresh at least once a day in win- 

 ter, and two or three times every day during the 

 summertime, but the vessels into which this water 

 is supplied to the flock should be scoured and well 

 cleaned. Vessels which are not constructed in such 

 a manner that they cannot be thoroughly cleaned, 

 or which have any recesses which cannot be reached 

 with ordinary effort on the part of the operator, 

 should not be installed in the poultry plant. 



Small runways must be well looked after. They 

 must be kept clean, spaded or raked often, and, if 

 very small, refilled with fresh loam or ashes. The 

 latter are not recommended for yellow legged fowls, 

 as they have a tendency to affect the color of the 



