160 TUBERCULOSIS. 



gone caseation, and the presence of bacilli could be demonstrated 

 in all of the pathological products. In other animals the tubercu- 

 lous material was introduced into the nasal cavity. The cervical 

 glands, especially those on the corresponding side, became enlarged 

 and caseated. Infection through the mouth by depositing the 

 tuberculous material in a depression made with a blunt instrument 

 between the canine teeth resulted also in tuberculosis of the cervical 

 glands. Infection of the external meatus of the ear without creat- 

 ing intentionally an infection-atrium was followed by infection of 

 the lymphatic glands behind the ear and along the neck on the 

 same side. Cutaneous tuberculosis in the form of an ulcerating 

 lupus was produced by shaving the skin on one side of the nose 

 and face, and scratching it with a finger-nail infected with tubercu- 

 lous material. Injection of the material into the healthy vagina 

 of bitches resulted in local tuberculosis and secondary infection of 

 the inguinal glands. Inoculations of other parts were followed by 

 the same train of symptoms local tuberculosis at the seat of infec- 

 tion followed by extension of the tuberculous process along the 

 nearest lymphatic channels, The lungs were found affected only 

 in two of the animals. 



Cornil and Leloir implanted lupus tissue into the peritoneal 

 cavity of guinea-pigs, and in five cases, out of fourteen experiments, 

 produced peritoneal and general tuberculosis. Implantations from 

 these animals into healthy animals again yielded positive results. 



Pagenstecher and Pfeiifer (Berliner kiin. Wochenschrift, 1883) 

 took the secretion of the conjunctiva from patients suffering from 

 lupus of this structure and injected it into the anterior chamber of 

 the eye in rabbits. After five to six weeks, nodules could be seen 

 on the surface of the iris which were in every respect identical with 

 tuberculosis of this organ. Doutrelepont (" Die Aetiologie des 

 Lupus vulgaris," Proceedings of International Congress, Copen- 

 hagen) inoculated the peritoneal cavity of fifty guinea-pigs, and in 

 eight rabbits the anterior chamber of the eye, and in all of the ani- 

 mals local tuberculosis was produced at the point of inoculation ; and 

 in three of the guinea-pigs, and in one rabbit, the local disease was 

 followed by general tuberculosis. The advances in our knowledge 

 of the etiology of tuberculosis, the discovery of the bacillus, and 

 the production in animals of tuberculosis by implantation of lupus 

 tissue have finally settled the identity of tuberculosis and lupus. 

 As tuberculosis is now diagnosed wherever the respective bacillus 

 is found, another diagnostic significance is admitted even by those 

 who are inclined to be sceptical in regard to the etiological role 

 played by it. Koch produced artificial tuberculosis in over five 

 hundred animals with material from different tubercular lesions and 

 examined them all with the greatest care. Of the bacillus he pro- 



