CORNEL TREE. 185 



mental during the winter months, particularly 

 when mixed with the common laurel. 



The fruit of the cornus sanguined is very 

 bitter, styptic, and gives a pretty deep red 

 colour to blue paper. 



The cornelian cherry, cornus mascula, is 

 now removed from the orchard to the shrub- 

 bery ; but in this latter situation, it is at 

 present so seldom seen, that many persons do 

 not even know that this beautifully trans- 

 parent fruit exists, which flourished in the ear- 

 liest English gardens, graced the deserts of 

 our forefathers, and furnished their dames 

 with fruit for tarts, rob, and marmalade. 



Tusser, who wrote in Queen Mary's time, 

 calls them cornet plums. Gerard says, in 

 1596, " the male cornell-tree groweth in 

 most places of Germanie without manuring ; 

 it groweth not wilde in England; but yet 

 there be sundrie trees of them growing in 

 the gardens of such as loue rare and dainty 

 plants, whereof I haue a tree or two in my 

 garden." 



Lord Bacon frequently speaks of them 

 amongst the fruits of his day, by the name of 

 cornelians. 



Pliny speaks of this fruit in a manner that 

 induces us to think, that he considered it as 

 indigenous to Italy as well as Austria. He 



