The third measurements are also averages by Messrs. 

 Goubaux and Barrier (Traite d'Exterieur, 1884). 



The last are the result of the researches of M. de Gaste 

 in 1903, which appeared in his work, " Le Modele et les 

 Allures." 



A glance easily shows the trend of the changes. 



The shoulder rises 10°, the arm increases its slope by 

 16° ; we find variations of 30° in the ilio-femoral angle. 



The model of the thoroughbred is not, of course, the 

 exclusive possession of the thoroughbred ; it is found in 

 races which the thoroughbred is charged with improving. 

 To see how far the types of to-day are from old-time 

 types, it is sufficient to look at the measurements of the 

 horse of Tarbes and of the Irish horse in the work of M. 

 de Gaste. 



Inclination to the 

 Horizon 



of the 

 Scapulum 



of the 

 Humerus 



Tarbes Horse.... 60°, 88 

 Irish Horse, af-] 



ter de Gaste. .j 61°, 09 1 48°, 2 



Scapulo- 

 humeral 

 Angle 



Inclination to the 

 Horizon 



of the 

 Ilium 



io6°,58 

 109°, 29 



27 .34 

 J7°,94 



of the 



Femur 



4S°.88 

 45°.8i 



Ilio- 

 femoral 

 Angle 



73°.22 



73°.7S 



Where are the magnificent hunters, whose impressive 

 lines were traced by Herring in his " Hunting Scenes." 

 Question the old horse copers who frequent English and 

 Irish fairs, and they will reply, " You can't find 

 'em." 



But it is not only a question of esthetics ; the model of 

 the present day thoroughbred corresponds to a decidedly 

 inferior type of saddle horse. 



We have already seen that the present-day thorough- 

 bred is incapable of long sustained efifort in a race on ac- 

 count of the frequency of his contractions which wear 



27 



