BUSINESS GF HORSE-RACING. 85 



has been computed that on some race days at 

 Manchester, as many as eighty thousand persons 

 have paid for admission to the ground in sums 

 varying from sixpence to a guinea. 



New sources of revenue are frequently devised. 

 Tattersall rings, not known of old, yield a hand- 

 some sum, and are supposed to be used only by 

 the a'hne de la C7'eme of the sporting fraternity ; 

 charoes are also made for admission to the saddlingf 

 paddock; at every turn, indeed, there is something 

 to pay, either legitimately, or by way of backsheesh. 

 The various refreshment stations, in the shape of 

 rooms and tents, and often multiplied " bars," 

 likewise yield a considerable revenue, 



Newmarket is the capital of the turf in 

 England. It is known as "head-quarters," and 

 is the nominal seat of the turf legislature, which 

 is represented by the Jockey Club. There are 

 thirty-one different racecourses at Newmarket, 

 ranging from a little over a furlong, to the Beacon 

 course of four miles, while, during the year, seven 

 meetings take place at which about two hundred 

 and fifty races are decided. Newmarket, as well 

 as being head-quarters of the turf, so far as sport 

 is concerned, is also a resort of many trainers : 

 several stables of importance being located at that 

 place. The Jockey Club being eminently con- 

 servative, none beyond the stewards and its 

 principal servants know anything about its 

 financial position ; but it is supposed to be 

 growing wealthy. The numierous racecourses 

 at Newmarket form a puzzle to the uninitiated, 

 and, conservative as the Jockey Club is known 

 to be, the time is not far distant when it will 

 require to remodel its racing ground ; race 



