BOOK I 



that never degenerate ; kinds springing from 

 settings, from a cutting, from a layer; seed-beds, 

 transference of seed-beds ; growing elms from seed ; 

 trenching ; distances between trees ; shade ; 

 droppings from leaves ; slow-growing and quick- 

 growing kinds ; kinds springing from layers. (xxii- 

 viii) Grafting — how discovered ; kinds of grafts ; 

 eye-grafting ; budding ; grafting of vines ; grafts 

 growing from boughs ; kinds grafted by cuttings, 

 and method. (xxix-xxi) Olive-growing ; seasonal 

 arrangement of propagating; trenching round 

 and banking up vines. (xxxii-iv) The willow 

 thicket ; reed bed ; other plants cut for poles and 

 stakes. (xxxv f.) Arrangenient of vineyards and 

 plantations ; prevention of injury to vines from 

 animals. (xxxvii f.) Diseases of trees ; remarkable 

 products from trees. (xxxix-xlvii) Remedies for 

 diseases of trees ; method of watering ; remarkable 

 facts as to water-meadows ; use of dung ; method 

 of hoeing round trunk ; lopping of trees ; how to dig 

 round trees ; pruning of trees ; effect of gall-insect ; 

 mistakes in pruning ; medicaments for trees. Total : 

 1380 facts, researches and observations. 



Authorities : Cornehus Nepos, Cato the censor, 

 Marcus Varro, Celsus, Virgil, Hyginus, the Sasemae 

 senior and junior, Scrofa, Calpurnius Bassus, Trogus, 

 AemiUus Macer, Graecinus, Columella, JuUus Atticus, 

 Fabianus, MamiUus Sura, Dessius Mundus, Gaius 

 Epidius, Lucius Piso. Foreign authorities : Hesiod, 

 Theophrastus, Aristotle, Democritus, Theopompus, 

 King Hiero, King Philometer, King Attalus, Archytas, 

 Xenophon, Amphilochus of Athens, AnaxipoUs of 

 Thasos, ApoUodorus of Lemnos, Aristophanes of 

 Miletus, Antigonus of Cumae, Agathocles of Chios, 



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