BOOK IV. XTT. 77-79 



between the two straits, the Dardanelles and Kaffa, 

 measures according to Polybius 500 miles. The whole 

 circumference of the Black Sea according to Varro 

 and the old authorities generally is 2150 miles, but 

 Cornehus Nepos adds 350 miles, while Artcmidorus 

 makes it 2119 milcs, Agrippa 2540, and Mucianus 

 2425. There is a similar dififcrcnce of opinion as to 

 the measurement of the European shore, some fixing 

 it at 1479 miles and others at 1100. Marcus Varro 

 gives the measurement as foUows : from the mouth 

 of the Black Sea to ApoUonia 187^ miles ; from there 

 to Collat the same ; to the mouth of the Danube 

 125; to the Dnieper 250 ; to the to\\Ti of Cherronesus 

 of the Heracleotae 375 miles ; to Kertsch, by some 

 called Bosporus, the last point on the coast of Europe, 

 212^ miles — the total making 1337i miles. Agrippa 

 makcs it 540 miles from Istamboul to the river 

 Danube and 635 miles from the Danube to Kertsch. 



The actual Sea of Azov, which receives the Don seaoj Azoi 

 flowing down from the Ripaean Mountains," the 

 river being the extreme boundary between Europe 

 and Asia, is said to measure 1406, or according to 

 other authorities 1125, milcs in circumference. The 

 distance in a straight Une between the entrance of 

 the Sea of Azov and the mouth of the Don is agreed 

 to be 375 miles. Tlie inhabitants of thc coasts of § 4 1/. 

 this great Gulf as far as Istere have been mentioned 

 in our account of Thrace. 



We then come to the mouths of the Danube. Geographyo 

 It riscs * in Germany in the range of Mount Abnoua,*' * """ '" 

 opposite to the GalHc town of Rauricum,'' and flows 

 for a course of many miles beyond the Alps, and 

 through innumerable tribes, under the name of 

 Danube ; then its volume of water increases enor- 



177 



