BOOK V. V. 37-vi. 40 



lat, Cizania ; and Mount Goriano, its effigy preceded 

 by an inscription that it was a place where precious 

 stones were produced. 



Hitherto it has been impossible to open up the 

 road to the Garamantes country, because brigands 

 of that race fill up the wells with sand — these do 

 not necd to be dug very deep if you are aided 

 by a knowledge of the localities. In the last war 

 waged with the people of Oea, at the beginning of 

 the principate of Vespasian, a short route of only 

 four days was discovered, which is kno^vn as By 

 the Head of the Rock. The last place in Cyrenaica 

 is called the Canyon, a towTi and a suddenly 

 descending valley. The length of Cyrenaic Africa 

 from the Lesser Syrtis to this boundary is 1060 

 miles, and the breadth, so far as ascertained, 810 

 miles. 



VI. The district that follows is called Libya Libya. 

 Mareotis ; it borders upon Egypt. It is occupied 

 by the Marmarides, the Adyrmachidae, and then 

 the Mareotae. The distance between the Canyon 

 and Paraetonium is 86 miles. Between them in 

 the interior of this district is Apis, a place famous 

 in the Egyptian rehgion. The distance from Apis 

 to Paraetonium is 62|- miles, and from Paraetonium 

 to Alexandria 200 miles. The district is 169 miles 

 in breadth. Eratosthenes gives the distance by 

 land from Cyrenae to Alexandria as 525 miles. 

 Agrippa made the length of the whole of Africa 

 from the Atlantic, including Lower Egypt, 300 

 miles ; Polybius and Eratosthenes, who are deemed 

 extremely careful writers, made the distance from 

 the Ocean to Great Carthage 1100 miles, and from 

 Great Carthage to the nearest mouth of the Nile, 



247 



