BOOK VII. xx.wii. i25-.\.\.\i.\. 128 



the ignorance of a soldier foiled the command. 

 Others who won praise were Chersiphron of Gnossus 

 who constructed the wonderful temple of Diana at 

 Ephesus, Philo who made a dockyard for 400 ships 

 at Athens, Ctesibius who discovered the theory of 

 the pneumatic pump and invented hydraulic engines, 

 Dinochares who acted as surveyor for Alexander 

 when founding Alexandria in Egypt. This ruler 

 also issued a proclamation that only Apelles should 

 paint his picturc, only Pyi-goteles sculpture his 

 statue, and only Lysippus cast him in bronze : there 

 are many celebrated examples of these arts. 

 XXXVIII. King Attalus bid 100 talents for one 

 picture by the Theban paintcr Aristides ; the dic- 

 tator Caesar purchased tAvo by Timomachus for 80, 

 the Mcdea and the Ajax, to dedicate them in the 

 temple of Venus Genetrix. King Candaules paid 

 its weight in gold for a picture" of considerable size 

 by Bularchus representing the downfall of the 

 Magnesians. King Demctrius surnamed Besieger 

 of Cities ^ refrained from setting fire to Rhodes for 

 fear of burning a picture by Protogenes stored in 

 that part of the fortification. Praxiteles is famous 

 for his marbles, and especially for his Vemis at Cnidos, 

 which is celebrated because of the infatuation that it 

 inspired in a ccrtain young man, and bccause of the 

 value set on it by King Nicomedes,<^ who attempted 

 to obtain it in return for discharging a large debt 

 owed by the Cnidians. Daily testimony is borne 

 to Phidias by Olympian Jove, and to Mentor by 

 Capitoline Jove and by Diana of Ephesus, works 

 that have immortalized the tools of ihis craft. 



XXXIX. The highest price hitherto paid, so far as ExcepiionaX 

 I have asccrtained, for a person borii in slavcry was f/ar«/'^ 



591 



