BOOK VII. Lvi. 201-204 



bronze trumpet by Pysaeus son of Tyrrhenus, 

 tortoise-screens by Artenio of Clazomenae, among 

 siege-engines the horse (now called thc ram) by 

 Epius at Troy ; horse-riding by Bellerophon, reins 

 and saddles by Pelethronius, fighting on horse- 

 back by the Thessahans called Centaurs, who dwelt 

 along Mount Pelion. The Plirygian race first 

 harnessed pairs, Erichthonius four-in-hands. Mili- 

 tary formation, the use of pass-words, tokens and 

 sentries were invented by Palamedes in the Trojan 

 war, signalHng from watch-towers by Sinon in the 

 same war, truces by Lycaon, treaties by Theseus. 



Auguries from birds were invented by Car, from .lugvrt/, etc., 

 whom Caria got its name ; Orpheus added auspices ''"'^°''"'!' °J- 

 derived from the other animals, Delphus divination 

 from victims, Amphiaraus divination from fire, 

 Tiresias of Thebes divination by inspecting birds' 

 entrails, Amphictyon the interpretation of portents 

 and dreams ; Atlans son of Libya, or as others say 

 tlie Kgyptians and others the Assyrians, astronomy, 

 Anaximander of Miletus the use of a globe in as- 

 tronomy, Aeolus son of Hellen the theory of winds ; 

 Amphion music, Pan son of Mercury the pipe and 

 single flute, Midas in Phrygia the slanting flute, 

 Marsyas in the same nation the double flute, Amphion 

 the Lydian modes, the Thracian Thamyras the Dorian, 

 Marsyas of Phrygia the Phrygian, Amphion, or 

 others say Orpheus and others Linus, the harp. 

 Terpander first sang with seven strings, adding three 

 to the original four, Simonides added an eighth, 

 Timotheus a ninth. Thamyris first played the harp 

 without using the voice, Ampliion, or according to 

 otliers Linus, accompanied the harp with singing ; 

 Terpander composed songs for harp and voice. 



643 



