BOOK XI. xcix. 244-ci. 247 



and it is thicker than the others. The thumb is 

 equal to the smallest finger in length, and two of the 

 rest are equal to one another, between them the 

 middle finger extending longest. The four-footed 

 animals that hve by pkmder have five toes on the 

 front feet and four on the others. Lions, wolves, 

 dogs and the leopard have five claws on the hind 

 feet as well, with the one next the joint of the leg 

 hanging down ; the other species, which are smaller, 

 have five toes also. 



Not all people's arms are a pair; it is known that 

 a Thracian gladiator named Studiosus in Gaius Caesar's 

 training-school had his right arm longer than his left. 



Some animals use the service of their front feet 

 as hands, and sit moving their food to their mouth 

 with them, for instance squirrels. C. In fact the Arithro- 

 monkey tribes have a pei-fect imitation of a human '"'"^ "^**' 

 being in their face,nostrils,ears and eyelashes — they 

 are the only four-footed animals with eyelashes — on 

 the lower lid as well, also paps on the breast, and 

 arms and legs bending similarly in opposite directions, 

 and nails on their hands, and fingers, and a longer 

 middle finger. They differ a little from human 

 beings in their feet, for these are very long like their 

 hands, but make a foot-print like the palm of a hand. 

 They also have a thumb and knuckles like a human 

 being; and besides a genital organ, and this in the 

 males only, they also have all internal organs to 

 pattern. 



CI. It is believed that nails are the extremities FingemaiU 

 at the end of sinews. All creatures have nails that ^fijf*" 

 also have fingers, but in the monkey they overlap 

 like tiles, whereas in man they are broad (and they 

 continue to grow after a man is dead) ; and they 



587 



