BOOK XV. XV. 50-52 



And in order that nobody may imagine that it has 

 gained its position by influence due to distinction and 

 family, there is also a Sceptian apple named from a 

 freedman who discovered it, which is remarkable for 

 its round shape. Cato also mentions a Quirinian r,r, vn. 3^ 

 apple, and a Scantian which he says is stored in casks. ^^^111. 3. 

 But the apple naturaUzed here most recently of all is 

 a small one with a most agreeable flavour named the 

 Petisian. The Amerian and the Little Greek apples 

 have advertised their places of origin, but all the rest 

 have derived their name from definite reasons — 

 ' twin ' apples from their attachment of relationship, 

 as they never grow singly, the ' Syrian red ' from its 

 colour, the pear-apple from its affinity ; the must- 

 apple was named from its quickness in ripening, but 

 is now called the honey-apple from its honey flavour ; 

 the round apple from its shape, which forms an 

 exact sphere — the Greeks, who call this apple the 

 Epirotic apple, prove that it w^as first produced in 

 Epirus ; the orthomastium " is so called from its 

 resemblance to a teat, and the eunuch-apple of the 

 Belgians is named from its having no pips. The 

 leaf-apple has a single leaf, or occasionally a pair of 

 leaves, sprouting out from the middle of its side ; the 

 ragged-apple very quickly shrivels up into wrinkles ; 

 the lung-apple swells in a soHd lump. Some apples 

 are of the colour of blood, because they derive their 

 origin from a graft of the mulberry ; but all apples are 

 red in the parts that have been turned towards the 

 sun. There are also wild apples with Httle attraction 

 of flavour and an even sharper scent ; their special 

 fault is that of horrible sourness, and it is so 

 powerful that it wiU blunt the edge of a sword. 

 Another apple is named ' flour-apple,' a very bad 



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