3^ BIOLOGY AND ITS MAKERS 



picion by the clerical powers, who from time to time found 

 means of discrediting him. The circumstances of his leaving 

 Spain are not definitely known. One account has it that he 

 made a post-mortem examination of a body which showed 

 signs of life during the operation, and that he was required 

 to undertake a pilgrimage to the Holy Land to clear his soul 

 of sacrilege. Whether or not this was the reason is uncertain, 

 but after nineteen years at the Spanish Court he left, in 1563, 

 and journeyed to Jerusalem. On his return from Palestine 

 he suffered shipwreck and died from the effects of exposure 

 on Zanti, one of the Ionian Islands. It is also said that 

 while on this pilgrimage he had been offered the position of 

 professor of anatomy as successor to Fallopius, who had 

 died in 1563, and that, had he lived, he would have come 

 back honorably to his old post. 



Eustachius and Fallopius. — The work of two of his con- 

 temporaries, Eustachius and Fallopius, requires notice. 

 Cuvier says in his Histoire des Sciences Naturellcs that those 

 three men were the founders of modern anatomy. Vesalius 

 was a greater man than either of the other two, and his 

 influence was more far-reaching. He reformed the entire 

 field of anatomy, while the names of Eustachius and Fallopius 

 are connected especially with a smaller part of the field. 

 Eustachius described the Eustachian tube of the ear and gave 

 especial attention to sense organs; Fallopius made special 

 investigations upon the viscera, and described the Fallopian 

 tube. 



Fallopius was a suave, polite man, who became professor 

 of anatomy at Padua; he opposed Vesalius, but his attacks 

 w^ere couched in respectful terms. 



Eustachius, the professor of anatomy at Rome, was of a 

 different type, a harsh, violent man, who assailed Vesalius 

 with virulence. He corrected some mistakes of Vesalius, 

 and prepared new plates on anatomy, which, however, were 



