390 BIOLOGY AND ITS MAKERS 



representation. But the history of science shows that for- 

 tunately this power does not long endure." 



The reaction against the all-sufhciency of natural selec- 

 tion, therefore, is something which was anticipated by Dar- 

 win, and the quotation made above will be a novelty to many 

 of our readers who supposed that they understood Darwin's 

 position. 



Confusion between Lamarck's and Darwin's Theories. — 

 Ik'sides the failure to understand what Darwin has written, 

 there is great confusion, both in pictures and in writings, in 

 reference to the theories of Darwdn and Lamarck. Poulton 

 illustrated a state of confusion in one of his lectures on the 

 theory of organic evolution, and the following instances are 

 quoted from memory. 



We are most of us familiar with such pictures as the 

 following : A man standing and waving his arms ; in the next 

 picture these arms and hands become enlarged, and in the 

 successive pictures they undergo transformations into wings, 

 and the transference is made into a flying animal. 



Such pictures are designated ''The origin of flight after 

 Darwin." The interesting circumstance is this, that the 

 illustration does not apply to Darwin's idea of natural selec- 

 tion at all, but is pure Lamarckism. Lamarck contended 

 for the production of new organs through the influence of 

 use and disuse, and this particular illustration refers to that, 

 and not to natural selection at all. 



Among the examples of ridicule to which Darwin's ideas 

 have been exposed, we cite one verse from the song of Lord 

 Neaves. His lordship wrote a song with a large number of 

 verses hitting off in jocular vein many of the claims and 

 foibles of his time. In attempting to make fun of Darwin's 

 idea he misses completely the idea of natural selection, but 

 hits upon the principle enunciated by Lamarck, instead. 

 He savs: 



