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SCIENTIFIC SIDE-LIGHTS 



624 



cut out with stone or metal knives. The 

 edges of the parts are whipped together with 

 sinews so as to be water-tight. Bits of 

 different colored fur are inserted for orna- 

 mentation, and, frequently, to save every 

 scrap, the sempstress will have a hundred 

 pieces of skin in a single garment. Her 

 needle is a tough bit of bone working like 

 an awl, and her sinew is drawn through with 

 a true needle made of bird .- bone. Her 

 thimble is a bit of tough seal hide drawn 

 over the end of the forefinger, tho in modern 

 times they imitate in ivory the white 

 woman's thimble. MASON Origins of Inven- 

 tion, ch. 7, p. 248. (S., 1899.) 



3091. SEX AND DIVISION OF LA- 

 BOR Woman the Inventor of the Arts of Peace. 

 Division of labor began with the invention 

 of fire-making, and it was a division of labor 

 based upon sex. The woman stayed by the 

 fire to keep it alive, while the man went to 

 the field or the forest for game. The world's 

 industrialism and militancy began then and 

 there. Man has been cunning in devising 

 means of killing beast and his fellow man 

 he has been the inventor in every murderous 

 art. The woman at the fireside became the 

 burden-bearer, the basket-maker, the weaver, 

 potter, agriculturist, domesticator of ani- 

 mals in a word, the inventor of all the 

 peaceful arts of life. MASON Woman's 

 Share in Primitive Culture, pref., p. 7. (A., 

 1894.) 



3092. SEX BINDS UNITS INTO 

 UNITY Separates in Order to Unite God 

 Setteth the Solitary in Families (Ps. Ixviii, 

 6). By a device the most subtle of all that 

 guard the higher evolution of the world 

 the device of sex Nature accomplishes this 

 task of throwing irresistible bonds around 

 widely separate things, and establishing 

 such sympathies between them that they 

 must act together or forfeit the very life of 

 their kind. Sex is a paradox; it is that 

 which separates in order to unite. The same 

 mysterious mesh which Nature threw over 

 the two separate palms, she threw over the 

 few and scattered units which were to form 

 the nucleus of mankind. DRUMMOND Ascent 

 of Man, ch. 7, p. 243. ( J. P., 1900.) 



3093. SEX, DIFFERENTIATION OF, 

 FROM CELL TO SOUL Energy, Motion, 

 Activity of Male Passivity, Gentleness, Re- 

 pose of Female. The predominating note in 

 the male will be energy, motion, activity; 

 while passivity, gentleness, repose, will char- 

 acterize the female. These words, let it be 

 noticed, psychical tho they seem, are yet 

 here the coinages of physiology. No other 

 terms indeed would describe the difference. 

 Thus Geddes and Thomson: "The female 

 cochineal insect, laden with reserve prod- 

 ucts in the form of the well-known pigment, 

 spends much of its life like a mere quiescent 

 gall on the cactus plant. The male, on the 

 other hand, in his adult state, is agile, rest- 

 less, and short-lived. Now this is no mere 



curiosity of the entomologist, but in reality 

 a vivid emblem of what is an average truth 

 throughout the world of animals the pre- 

 ponderating passivity of the females, the 

 freedomness and activity of the males." 

 Rolph's words, because he writes neither of 

 men nor of animals, but goes back to the 

 furthest recess of Nature and characterizes 

 the cell itself, are still more significant: 

 " The less nutritive and therefore smaller, 

 hungrier, and more mobile organism is the 

 male; the more nutritive and usually more 

 quiescent is the female." DRUMMOND As- 

 cent of Man, ch. 7, p. 255. (J. P., 1900.) 



3094. "SEX OF SOUL " Inherent 

 Differences in Mental Activity of Man and 

 Woman. It has been affirmed by some phi- 

 losophers that there is no essential differ- 

 ence between the mind of a woman and that 

 of a man, and that if a girl were subjected 

 to the same education as a boy she would 

 resemble him in tastes, feelings, pursuits, 

 and powers. To my mind it would not be 

 one whit more absurd to affirm that the ant- 

 lers of the stag, the human beard, and the 

 cock's comb, are effects of education. . . > 

 The physical and mental differences between 

 the sexes intimate themselves very early in 

 life, and declare themselves most distinctly 

 at puberty. . . . While woman preserves 

 her sex, she will necessarily be feebler than 

 man, and, having her special bodily and 

 mental characters, will have to a certain 

 extent her own sphere of activity; where 

 she has become thoroughly masculine in na- 

 ture, or hermaphrodite in mind when, in 

 fact, she has pretty well divested herself 

 of her sex then she may take his ground, 

 and do his work; but she will have lost her 

 feminine attractions, and probably also her 

 chief feminine functions. MAUDSLEY Body 

 and Mind, lect. 1, p. 35. (A., 1898.) 



3095. SHADOW SEEMING SUB- 

 STANCEA Terrifying Spectacle Movement 

 of Moon's Shadow across the Earth in Solar 

 Eclipse Real Confounded with Apparent 

 Motion. The reader who has ever ascended 

 to the Superga, at Turin, will recall the 

 magnificent view, and be able to understand 

 the good fortune of an observer (Forbes) 

 who once had the opportunity to witness 

 thence this phenomenon, and under a nearly 

 cloudless sky. " I perceived," he says, " in 

 the southwest a black shadow like that of a 

 storm about to break, which obscured the 

 Alps. It was the lunar shadow coming to- 

 wards us." And he speaks of the " stupe- 

 faction " it is his word caused by the 

 spectacle. " I confess," he continues, " it 

 was the most terrifying sight I ever saw. 

 As always happens in the case of sudden, 

 silent, unexpected movements, the spectator 

 confounds real and relative motion. I felt 

 almost giddy for a moment, as tho the mass- 

 ive building under me bowed on the coming 

 eclipse." Another witness, who had been 

 looking at some bright clouds just before, 

 says : " The bright cloud I saw distinctly 



