TREATING OF CONTRIVANCE 



in orchards (whose standards are in the quincunx) 

 should stand opposite to the middle interval of the 

 standards. 



The distance of dwarf -standards is sixteen foot, 

 where there is but one row ; and in following this 

 rule of the three bordures, they will stand just six- 

 teen foot off the hedge, observing to plant in the 

 middle of the bordures. The distance of goos- 

 berries and currans may be six foot. But in all your 

 plantings and sowings divide the ground so as each 

 kind may stand and grow equally. 



To conclude, these three bordures surrounding 

 each side of the walkes, handsomely made up and 

 planted as aforesaid, will secure the ground within 

 from hurtful winds and colds, and make people 

 keep the walkes ; doors handsomely paled being on 

 the entries to the hedges, so as they may neither 

 hurt you nor themselves. Also the hedges, dwarf- 

 standards, shrubs, and wall-trees being well prun'd 

 and plyed, with the bordures and walkes kept clean 

 and orderly, will make it look like a garden of plea- 

 sure, and hide all the ruggedness that happeneth 

 in kitchen ground by delving, manuring, turning 

 and overturning throughout the year. 



35 



