ON THE YORKSHIRE COAST 81 



by other trees. It succeeds in rather dry posi- 

 tions ; a deep, light soil over limestone suits it 

 well, but it is not good on heavy soils. It does 

 not stand the winds from the north and east. It 

 makes a good hedge plant. On the Fyling Hall 

 estate large Beech trees on rocky sandstone suffer 

 much from the Felted Beech Coccus (scale), 

 Cryptococcus fagi. It is generally classed among 

 trees which will not grow by the seaside, but 

 Mr. Beeforth says "this is a mistake": it is 

 difficult to grow at first, but when well established 

 this beautiful tree when protected is as great 

 a success as any other species. Deciduous ; 

 Temperate Europe. 



Flowering Currant. See Ribes. 



Fraxinus excelsior, Common Ash. This is 

 one of the hardiest trees for planting in the teeth 

 of the winds in the first line of exposure on the 

 eastern coast. As it is very late in coming into 

 leaf, the young shoots are not so liable to injury 

 from the winds in spring as the Sycamore and 

 others of early leafage. It is also one of the first 

 trees to lose its leaves in autumn. It will accom- 

 modate itself to most soils, but succeeds best in 

 heavy, well-drained lands, if not too clayey, in 

 low-lying situations, where the soil is moderately 

 free and rich. It will flourish in the heavier soils 

 where the Sycamore and Elm will not thrive, and 

 this should be noted when arranging for planting 



