96 SEASIDE TREES AND SHRUBS 



Rosa rugosa, Japanese Rose. Very hardy by 

 the sea. Japan, 1845. 



Ruscus aculeatus, Butcher's Broom. A well- 

 known hardy shrub. Evergreen ; Britain. 



Salix alba, White Willow. Very hardy by 

 the sea, and grows upon the cliffs in full exposure. 

 It is useful as a nurse toother trees in plantations 

 under exposure. Inland in good soil it sometimes 

 gets blown down by the winds when it is top- 

 heavy. Deciduous ; Britain. 



Salix caprea, Common Sallow, Goat Willow. 

 This is well known, as its branches with catkins 

 are gathered for Palm Sunday, and are called 

 " Palm." It is very hardy by the sea, growing in 

 full exposure on the cliffs. It is not so tall as the 

 White Willow, even when growing inland under 

 the most suitable conditions. Deciduous ; Britain. 



Salisburia. See Ginkgo. 



Sallow. See Salix caprea. 



Sambucus nigra, Common Elder. When 

 sheltered from the sea this will grow anywhere, but 

 in keen exposure it gets very much cut up in spring 

 by the winds. It is useful to plant, as it grows 

 in places, such as under trees, where it is difficult 

 to establish anything else. Deciduous ; Britain. 



Sambucus racemosa, Scarlet-berried. This is 

 hardier than the Common Elder near the sea. 

 Deciduous; South Europe and Siberia, 1596. 



Scotch Laburnum. See Laburnum alpinum. 



