KNAUTIA. SCABIOSA. 193 



[D. Fullonum (L.) ; scales of the receptacle hooked at the end 

 equalling the fl., invoL reflexed, otherwise like D. sylvestns. 

 E. B. 2080. -Scarcely naturalized. B. VIII. IX. Teasel] E. 



2. D. pilosus (L.) ; I. stalked witli a It. at the base on each side, 

 scales of the receptacle obovate-cuspidate straight, involucres 

 deflexed. E. B. 877. St. 3 4 feet high, slender, branched, 

 rough, leafy. Heads of white fl. small, globose, exceeding the 

 involucres. Moist shady places. B. VIII. Shepherd's Rod. E. 



2. KNAUTIA Coult. 



1. K. arverisis (Coult.); lower 1. simple, stem-1. pinnatifid, 

 st. bristly, calyx with about 8 awned teeth. E. B. 659. St. 2 

 3 feetliigh, slightly branched, with a few leaves. Radical 1. 

 many, sometimes pinnately lobed. Fl. purple, in large convex 

 long-stalked heads ; outer usually unequal and radiant. Inv. 

 bluntish. Sometimes 1. all simple narrowly lanceolate entire or 

 superficially crenate. Fields. P. VII. IX. Field Scabious. 



E. S. L 



3. SCABIO'SA Linn. Scabious. 



1. S. Succisa (L.); root-stock abrupt, heads of fl. and fr. 

 nearly globose, involucel hairy 4-fid herbaceous, cor. 4-cleft, 

 1. oblong entire, upper 1. narrower mostly entire. E. B. 878. 

 St. 1 3 feet high, rarely branched. Radical 1. many, stem-1. 

 usually few. Fl. all alike, purplish blue, rarely white. St. and 

 both sides of the 1. hairy or glabrous. Meadows and pastures. 

 P. VII. X. Devil's bit. E. S. L 



2. S. columbaria (L.) ; heads of fr. globose, involucel membra- 

 nous notched furrowed throughout, no distinct base, cor. 5-cleft 

 radiant, radical 1. oblong stalked crenate entire or lyrate, upper- 

 most 1. pinnatifid with linear segments. E. B. 1311. St. 12 

 18 in. high. Radical 1. blunt, or, rarely, lanceolate and acute, 

 on long stalks ; upper 1. rarely entire, linear. Fl. purplish, 

 anth. yellow. On a calcareous soil. P. VII. VIII. E. S. 



[S, maritima (L.) ; involucel and its base furrowed, cor. 5- 

 cleft ; has been found near St. Ouen's Bay, Jersey ; and 8. atro- 

 pnrpurea (L.) with large dark purple fl., which is probably a var. of it, 



is naturalized at Folkestone.] 



K 



