A MANUAL OF ANATOMY. 



Poupart's ligament, is seen a dimple that is usually occu- 

 pied by a small lymphatic gland. This dimple or small 

 fossa is due to a slight depression in the transversalis fascia, 

 as it pouches into a small gap that is left between the vein 

 and Gimbernat's ligament. The gap (as seen after dissec- 

 tion or after being made by a hernia) is the femoral ring, 

 and the transversalis fascia that covers it over is the septum 

 crurale. A femoral hernia bulges the septum crurale before 

 it in its descent to leave the abdominal cavity by the fem- 

 oral opening. As the dissection progresses the femoral 

 opening will be seen to have these boundaries : To the in- 

 side, Gimbernat's ligament, conjoined tendon, and triangu- 

 lar ligament ; in front, Poupart's ligament ; to the outside, 

 the external iliac vein covered by the sheath (formed by 

 the union of the iliac fascia beneath, with the transversalis 

 fascia above) ; behind, the pubic portion of the fascia lata 

 covering the pectineus muscle and the horizontal ramus of 

 the pubic bone. 



The description of the canal will be given later. 



DISSECTION. 



Ligate the vena cava at its beginning, divide and remove it, with all the 

 veins emptying into it. 



Carefully remove the iliopsoas and anterior layer of the lumbar fasciae. 

 Dissect out the receptaculum chyli, splanchnic nerves, sympathetic cord and 

 ganglia, the beginning of the lumbar arteries, the branches of the lumbar plexus 

 external to the psoas muscle, the psoas and iliacus muscles. Follow the vas 

 deferens to the bladder, or the round ligament to the uterus. 



Trace the ureters to the bladder. 



Tho Lumbar Sympathetic Ganglia and Cord. Figs. 74, 



1 06, 107, 113. 



Consist of four ganglia connected together by the sym- 

 pathetic cord, which above comes from the thorax, and 

 below passes to the sacral ganglia. These ganglia lie in 



