CONTENTS. IX 



PART III. PHYSIOLOGY concld. 



CHAPTER II. FUNCTIONS OF THE HIGHER PLANTS IN 



DETAIL concld. 



PAGE 



Reproduction Sexual and Asexual Methods Cross and Self-Fertili- 

 sation Anemophilous, Entomophilous, Ornithophilous Plants Con- 

 trivances for Facilitating Cross- Fertilisation Fertilisation of t Flowers 

 of Salvia lanata and Berberis Lycium Cleistogamic Flowers Dis- 

 semination of Seeds ......... 93 lift 



PART IV.-CLASSIFICATION. 



CHAPTER I. DEFINITIONS AND EXPLANATIONS. 



Necessity for Classification Natural and Artificial Systems Unit of Classi- 

 ijcation-^Species, Sub-species, Variety, Race, Genus and larger Natural 

 Groups Nomenclature Practical Determination cf the Natural 

 Groups . 117125- 



CHAPTER II. PRINCIPAL SUB-DIVISIONS OF THE 

 VEGETABLE KINGDOM. 



Cryptogams and Phanerogams Sub-divisions of the Cryptogams Algae 

 Bacteria Practical Importance of Bacteria Fungi Classification 

 of Fungi Phycomycetes Ascomycetes Basidiomycetes Ustila- 

 ginaceae Uredinaceaa Lichens Liverworts and Mosses Ferns, 

 Horsetails and Club-Mosses Phanerogams divided into Gymnos- 

 perms and Angiosperms Classification of Gymnosperms Angios- 

 perms divided into Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons Synopsis of 

 Principal Sub-divisions of the Vegetable Kingdom .... 126147 



CHAPTER III. THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES. 



Struggle for Existence Importance of Sub-species and Races Hybrids 

 Fluctuating Variability Mutations Other Kinds of Variation 

 Heredity Selection Origin of Species in Nature .... 143 161 



CHAPTER IV. COLLECTION AND PRESERVATION OF 

 SPECIMENS. 



Collection Preservation Herbarium . . . . . . 162 164 



PART V- WOUNDS AND DISEASES. 



CHAPTER I. WOUNDS. 



Healing of Wounds by means of a Cork Layer Callus Formation and heal- 

 ing by Occlusion Bruises Pruning Girdling Cuttings Pollard- 

 Shoots, Stool-Shoots, Root-Suckers Propagation by Layers and Guti 

 Grafting Budding ..... ... 165175 



