Iviii GARDEN BOTANY. 



2. Callistephus Chinensis, CHINA ASTER. An annual, with alternate 

 spatulate and toothed leaves, and solitary large heads, the involucre leafy and 

 spreading : the showy rays of various colors : the choicer sorts are double- 

 lowered by the change of most of the disk-flowers into rays. 



3. Bellis perennis, ENGLISH DAISY. Leaves all from the root, obovate 

 and spatulate ; scape 3 or 4 inches high, bearing a single head, with a yellow 

 centre and white or pink rays : but the full double varieties are generally cul- 

 tivated, especially the quilled form, with the corollas all changed into tubes. 



4. Zinnia. Showy garden annuals, with opposite entire and sessile leaves, 

 and a large head of flowers on a thick peduncle ; the broad and short rays 

 parchment-like, and lasting a long while without withering. 



Z. multiflora has ovate-lanceolate leaves, and one-awned achenia ; the 

 rays red, yellow, &c. Not now common. 



Z. elegans, with cordate-ovate leaves and large heads, of various-colored 

 flowers, is now the common garden ZINNIA. 



5. Helianthus annuus, COMMON or ANNUAL SUNFLOWER, its great 

 head with a flat and brown disk, 4' to 10' in diameter. 



H. tuberosus, JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE (see Man. p. 219), with well- 

 known edible tubers, has small heads with a yellow and convex disk, flower- 

 ing in autumn. 



6. Dahlia variabilis, the COMMON DAHLIA, too familiar to need de- 

 scription, as usually cultivated has all the flowers changed into rays. In its 

 natural state it resembles a Coreopsis on a larger scale, but with rays pistillate. 



7. Coreopsis, Man. p. 219. The perennial species Nos. 7, 8, 10, 11, there 

 described, are often in gardens : also the following, more showy annuals and 

 biennials, from Texas, Arkansas, &c. 



C. tinctoria. Leaves pinnate, with linear leaflets ; rays yellow with a 

 brown-purple base, or nearly all brown-purple ; achenia wingless. Common 

 in all gardens. 



C. Drummondi. Leaflets 3 to 7, oblong or obovate ; rays broad, 

 golden-yellow with a black-purple spot at the base ; disk dark-colored ; ache- 

 nia wingless. 



C. coronata. Leaves simple and spatulate or oblong, or some of them 

 3 - 5-parted ; rays broad, golden-yellow, crowned with dark-purple or brown 

 and tawny stripes or murks above the base ; disk yellow, achenia winged. 



8. Gaillardia. Head, coarsely-toothed rays, &c. much like Coreopsis, but 

 leaves alternate, and the pappus consisting of 5 or more thin and awned or 

 bristle-pointed scales. 



G. pulchella, from Southwestern States, is the commonest species, an 

 annual or biennial, with nearly glabrous leaves, and a large and showy head 

 of flowers, the rays 12 or more, reddish or brown-purple with yellow tips. 



G. aristata, from Nebraska and Oregon, has a perennial root, pale and 

 pubescent leaves, and pure yellow rays. 



9. Tagetes, FRENCH MARIGOLD. Strong-scented annuals, the herbage 

 dotted with pellucid glands; flowers yellow or orange, sometimes partly 

 brown or purple. 



T. patula. Leaves pinnate; leaflets linear-lanceolate, sharply serrate; 

 peduncle hollow, cylindrical. 



T. erecta. Larger in all parts and coarser than the other ; peduncle in- 

 flated and club-shaped. Flowers often full-double. Called African Marigold : 

 but both this and the last came from South America. 



