42 VIOLACE^E. (VIOLET FAMILY.) 



1. S. cdncolor, Ging. (Viola concolor, Pursh, &c.) Woods, New 

 York to Illinois and southward. June. Plant l-2 high. Leaves oblong, 

 pointed at both ends, entire. Pod 1' long: after opening, each valve as it dries 

 folds together lengthwise firmly, projecting the large round seeds to a consider- 

 able distance. The same thing occurs in many Violets. 



2. VIOLA, L. VIOLET. HEART'S-EASE. 



Sepals extended or earoi at the base. Petals somewhat unequal, the lower 

 one spurred at the base. Stamens closely surrounding the ovary, often slightly 

 cohering with each other; the two lower ones bearing spurs which project into 

 the spur of the corolla. (The ancient Latin name of the genus.) 

 * Stemless ; the leaves and scapes all from subterranean or prostrate rootstocks ; peren 



nial. ( Commonly producing apetalous Jlowers all summer long, on shorter peduncles 



concealed under the leaves, or on runners : these ripen seed much more freely than 



the ordinary blossoms.) 



- Flowers light yellow (small ; sjmr very short). 



1. V. rotundifolia, Michx. (ROUND-LEAVED VIOLET.) Leaves 

 round-ovate, heart-shaped, slightly crenate ; lateral petals bearded and marked 

 with brown lines. Cold woods, Maine to Michigan, and south along the Allo- 

 ghanies. April, May. Smoothish : leaves 1 ' broad at flowering, increasing to 

 3' or 4' in the summer, then close pressed to the ground, shining above. 



- H Flowers white ; the lower petals veined with lilac : spur short. 



2. V. lanceolata, L. (LANCE-LEAVED VIOLET.) Smooth; leaves 

 lanceolate, erect, blunt, tapering into a long petiole, almost entire ; petals beardless. 

 Damp soil, Maine to Illinois, Kentucky, and southward ; common near the 

 coast. May. 



3. V. primulaefolia, L. (PRIMROSE-LEAVED VIOLET.) Smooth or 

 a little pubescent ; leaves oblong or ovate, abrupt or somewhat heart-shaped at the 

 base; petals often acute, the lateral ones usually sparingly bearded. (V. acuta, 

 Bigelow.) Damp soil ; with No. 2 : intermediate between it and No. 4. 



4. V. blanda, Willd. (SWEET WHITE VIOLET.) Leaves round-heart- 

 shaped or kidney-form, minutely pubescent; petals beardless. Damp places, 

 Maine to Wisconsin and Kentucky. April, May. Flowers small, faintly 

 sweet-scented. 



-- Flowers violet or blue. 



5. V. palustris, L. (MARSH VIOLET.) Smooth; leaves round-heart- 

 shaped and kidney-form, slightly crenate; Jlowers (small) pale lilac with purplo 

 streaks, nearly beardless ; spur very short and obtuse. Alpine summits of tho 

 White Mountains, New Hampshire ; June. (Eu.) 



6. V. Sclkirkii, Goldie. (GREAT-SPURRED VIOLET.) Leaves round- 

 heart-shaped with a deep nan-owed sinus, hairy abov*, lying flat on the ground ; 

 spur nearly as long as the beardless petals, thickened at the end; anther-spurs very 

 long. Shaded hills, W. Massachusetts and the adjacent parts of New York, 

 thence northward. May. A rare and delicate species, 2' high; the flowers 

 large in proportion. 



